Transcontinental Railroad What structure was built to connect the East and the West?

Pony Express This system was a form of communication in which messages were carried on a route 2,000 miles long

Bessemer Process This discovery revolutionized the Steel industry, allowing steel to be made quicker and cheaper.

Chisholm Trail A popular route for cowboys to drive cattle from Texas up through Oklahoma and Kansas.

Horizontal Integration This business approach joined together as many firms from the same company as possible. (Used by John D. Rockefeller)

Joseph Glidden was responsible for inventing what ? Barbed Wire Joseph Glidden was responsible for inventing what ?

Dawes Act In 1887, this federal law distributed land to individual Indians rather than the tribes, thereby encouraging Indians to become assimilated?

Boomtowns What was the name for towns that grew quickly when a mine opened and often disappeared quickly when the mine closed?

Battle of Little Bighorn In which battle did Colonel Custer lose to the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse?

Populists Which group favored the common person’s interest over those of wealthy people or business interest?

Homestead Act This federal law granted tracts of land to western settlers who agreed to work the land and live on it for five years

William Bryan Jennings Which Democratic candidate condemned the gold standard and was supported by the Populist Party in the election of 1896 but lost?

Native Americans were forced from their land and relocated where? Reservations Native Americans were forced from their land and relocated where?

Light bulb What invention by Thomas Edison allowed factories to stay open later and work?

Telephone What invention did Alexander Graham Bell invent in 1876 that completely changed communication?

Henry Ford Which business man used the moving assembly line to help mass produce automobiles?

Capitalism An economic system in which factories, equipment, and other means of production are privately owned rather than being controlled by the government

Laissez Faire Which government philosophy believed in a “hands off” approach when it came to regulating business.

Social Darwinism The idea, “survival of the fittest,” was a viewpoint taken when it came to business and competition. Where does this idea branch from?

Monopoly A company that completely dominates a particular industry because it has no competition.

Sherman Anti-Trust Act This law was passed in 1890 and outlawed trusts, monopolies, and other forms of business that restricted trade. However, this law was never really enforced.

John D. Rockefeller This wealthy business owner bought out and merged with other companies to limit competition until he finally had a monopoly on the oil industry.

Wright Brothers Who were the first to successfully fly an airplane and transform transportation?

Vertical Integration Which business approach required taking control of each step in the production and distribution of a product. (Andrew Carnegie used this)

Andrew Carnegie This man had a monopoly on the Steel Industry and used vertical integration to do so.

Patent Having the sole legal right to make or sell an invention for a specific period of time

Mining, Cattle, Railroad What three factors caused people to expand West?

A labor action in which workers refuse to work Strike A labor action in which workers refuse to work

Black Lists A list of union members and organizers, exchanged amongst business owners

Yellow Dog Contracts A written pledge to not join a union, workers were pressure to sign this or they would not be hired.

A small, cramped factory where workers worked long hours for low wages Sweatshops A small, cramped factory where workers worked long hours for low wages

A run down apartment building located in the slums Tenements A run down apartment building located in the slums

A group of workers organized to protect the interest of its members Labor Unions A group of workers organized to protect the interest of its members

An 1894 railway workers strike that was broken up by federal troops Pullman Strike An 1894 railway workers strike that was broken up by federal troops

The first strike ever broken up by the military Railroad Strike of 1877 The first strike ever broken up by the military

Haymarket Affair A violent clash in 1886 between union supporters and Chicago Police. It was believe that anarchists through a bomb at the police.

Homestead Strike A strike at the Carnegie steel plant, resulted in union being shut out for four decades

Collective Bargaining Negotiations between employers and employees concerning wages, working conditions, etc.

A person who rejects all forms of government Anarchists A person who rejects all forms of government

American Federation of Labor A national labor organization, consisted mainly of skilled workers

The port of entry for most European immigrants, located in New York Ellis Island The port of entry for most European immigrants, located in New York

The port of entry for most Asia immigrants, located in San Francisco Angel Island The port of entry for most Asia immigrants, located in San Francisco

Which immigrants had the easiest time assimilating? Children Which immigrants had the easiest time assimilating?

Adopting American customs Americanization Adopting American customs

Favoring interests of native born Americans over those of immigrants Nativism Favoring interests of native born Americans over those of immigrants

Contract Laborers An immigrant who signed a contract in Europe to work for an American employer

The prohibiting of Chinese laborers, skilled or unskilled Chinese Exclusion Act The prohibiting of Chinese laborers, skilled or unskilled