Chemical Periodicity

Atomic Size Size increases as you go down in any column Size decreases from left to right in any row

Ionic Size C+2 > C+4 F-1 > F Size increases as total charge decreases C+2 > C+4 F-1 > F

Rank the elements from their atomic number from smallest to largest 9, 55, 13, 11, & 1

Ionization Energy The energy required to remove electrons from atoms or ions

1st Ionization Energy Decreases as you go down any column Increases from left to right on any row Fr <<<<<<<<<<<<<He

Shielding Effect The further away an electron is from the nucleus, the more electron clouds lie between the electron & the nucleus

Drill: Arrange the following atoms from lowest to highest 1st ionization energies: 2, 20, 14, 55, 7

Review HW Problems: 40 – 42 & 57 – 64 on pages 170 & 171

Ionization Energies 2nd > 1st 3rd > 2nd Massive increase when a shell is emptied

Electron Affinity The attraction of electrons by an atom

Electron Affinity Decreases as you go down any column Increases from left to right across any row Fr <<<<<<<<<<<< F

The attraction of shared pairs of electrons by an atom Electronegativity The attraction of shared pairs of electrons by an atom

Electronegativity Decreases as you go down any column Increases from left to right across any row Fr <<<<<<<<<<<< F

Metallic Character Increases as you go down any column Decreases from left to right across any row

Reactivity Metals 1A > 2A > 3A Metals increase down Nonmetals increase as you get closer to F

Metal Oxides When dissolved in water, make basic solutions Sometimes called basic anhydrides MgO, Na2O, etc

Non-metal Oxides When dissolved in water, make acidic solutions Sometimes called acid anhydrides CO2, SO2, SO3, NO2

Metal Hydrides Metals bonded to H When dissolved in water, make basic solutions NaH, MgH2, AlH3, etc

Non-metal Hydrides Non-metals bonded to H When dissolved in water, make acidic solutions HCl, H2S, HBr, etc Exception: NH3

Place the following elements in largest to smallest order with respect to: 1) diameter 2) 1st ionization energy 3) electronegativity 4) metalic character Elements #: 1,5, 8, 15, 56

Identify as ionic, covalent, or metallic bonds Na-Cl Fe-Cr S-Cl H-Cl Mg-S C-C N-O Fe-Fe