Verbals grammatical concepts that are formed using verbs but do not function as verbs in sentences infinitives participles gerunds L.8.1.a

Participles verb forms that function as adjectives Examples: Smiling, the singer emerged from backstage. Smiling at her fans, the singer emerged from backstage. (present participle phrase) Amazed, John stared at the beautiful picture. Amazed at his sister’s artistic talent, John stared at the beautiful picture. (past participle phrase) I will script lesson here… L.8.1.a

What do you notice? “The ocean, throwing up foaming sun-sprays across some nearby rocks, was winter cold.” -A Separate Peace by John Knowles (1959) L.8.1.a

What do you notice? “Trying not to panic, I pulled my brother into my seat.” -The Freedom Writers Diary by Erin Gruwell (1999) L.8.1.a

What do you notice? “’Standing in a cow pasture near Dayton, Ohio, he looked up and watched a flying machine circle in the sky above him. He could see the bold pilot lying facedown on the lower wing.” -The Wright Brothers by Russell Freedman (1994) Participle phrase adds movement and action, shows simultaneous action, acts like an adjective L.8.1.a

What do you notice? “I’m next to him, clapping and staring.” -11 Birthdays by Wendy Mass Participles as sentence closers L.8.1.a

Your Turn! Add participle phrases to the following sentences. Remember to punctuate correctly! Emily began working on the project. (Add to the beginning of the sentence.) ________________________________________________________ The visitor rang the doorbell. (Add to the end of the sentence.) ______________________________________________________ The lighthouse stands in the harbor. (Add in the middle of the sentence.) L.8.1.a