JUMPSTART A historical watershed is an event that marks a significant change or shift in how people behave or think. Below are 8 historical events. Decide which deserve to be called watershed events. Be prepared to share. The invention of basketball in 1896 The discovery of penicillin in 1928 The election of Obama to president in 2008 Prohibition of alcohol in 1920s Brown v. the Board of Education Supreme Court Case The invention of the cell phone The Battle of the Alamo Rap music

World War II (1939-1945)

Vocabulary Dictator- a ruler who has complete power over a country Isolationist- country who wants to stay out of the affairs of other countries P.O.W.- Prisoner of war Nazi- claimed German nation represented most racially pure people. Jewish nation was greatest threat to German race.

Start of WWII September 1, 1939, Germany invades Poland. Hitler (Germany) was trying to take back land they lost to Poland after WWI. France and Great Britain declare war on Germany on September 3, 1939.

European Front

Pearl Harbor American naval base in Hawaii in which Japan launched a surprise attack on December 7, 1941 More than 3,400 people died or suffered wounds in the attack. The attack brought the U.S. into World War II.

Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor Part I President Roosevelt

Axis Powers Germany, Italy, and Japan

Adolf Hitler Nazi dictator of Germany who committed suicide at the end of the war.

Benito Mussolini Fascist’s Party leader who became dictator of Italy. Was captured and executed in April 1945.

Hideki Tojo Prime Minister of Japan who ordered war and attack Pearl Harbor. Was executed for his responsibility in Japan’s war crimes.

Allied Powers U.S., Great Britain, France, Russia, and China

Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Great Britain.

Joseph Stalin Communist dictator of Russia.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) President of the U.S. during WWII. Only president to serve more than two terms in office.

Texans in WWII More than 750,000 Texans served in war including 12,000 women. 22,000 Texans died Naval flight-training base in Corpus Christi was the largest in the world. Texans at home rationed (cut back) items such as food, shoes, and gasoline to support American soldiers.

Doris (Dorie) Miller First African American hero of WWII. Born in Waco, TX First African American hero of WWII. Sailor on the U.S.S. West Virginia at Pearl Harbor. Fired at the Japanese aircrafts as they attacked Pearl Harbor until his ship sunk. Was later killed in action.

Oveta Culp Hobby Born in Killeen, TX Was the organizer and first commander of the Women’s Army Corps. Women’s Army Corps- Put women in positions to serve in the Army.

Chester Nimitz Born in Fredericksburg, TX Commander in chief of the Pacific Fleet. In 1942, he led the Allies to victories in the Battles of Coral Sea and Midway.

Audie Murphy Born in Farmersville, TX Most decorated soldier in WWII with 33 awards. Received every U.S. medal awarded for personal bravery.

Dwight D. Eisenhower Born in Denison, TX Supreme commander of Allied forces in Europe. Under his command, the Allies successfully invaded France on D-day in June 1944. His forces defeated Germany.

D-Day Turning point of war. Marked the beginning of the Allied invasion of western Europe.

D-Day D-Day: Lego Style D-Day: Paratroopers

D-Day

D-Day

Hiroshima U.S. dropped a nuclear bomb “Little Boy” on August 6, 1945, on the city of Hiroshima in Japan. Killed over 100,000 people over a few months.

Nagasaki U.S. dropped the second nuclear bomb “Fat Man” on the city of Nagasaki in Japan on August 9, 1945. Killed between 60,000-80,000. Japan surrendered 6 days later to the Allies.

WWII Over Ended on September 2, 1945, with Japan signing surrender on the U.S.S. Missouri in Tokyo Bay. Between 60-70 million people killed during WWII.

Texas after WWII Many Texans moved from rural areas to cities (urban) during the war to take industrial jobs. People from other countries, states and soldiers returning from the war also moved to cities in Texas. TX changed from a rural state to an urban society. TX started to change to large industries.

Propaganda Exercise Use your handout to determine which propaganda technique is being used in the advertisements that follow.

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