Where do people migrate? Global, Regional, and National Migration Flows

Global Migration Flows Prior to the 1500s, global-scale migration was haphazard A complete map of the world’s continents did not exist until the early 1800s European explorers played a major role in mapping the world European colonization began during this time

Colonization A physical process where the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge First Europeans colonized the Americas, the coasts of Africa, and parts of Asia Eventually Europeans colonized the interiors of Africa and Asia

Major Routes of Migration before 1950

Eight Waves of Migration Movement from Europe to North America Southern Europe to South and Central America Britain and Ireland to Africa and Australia Africa to the Americas India to eastern Africa, SE Asia, and Carribean China to SE Asia Eastern US to Central and Western US Eastern Europe to Central and East Asia

Regional Migration Flows

Regional Migration Flows Each of the eight major migration flows involved crossing an ocean or continent Migration also occurs at a regional scale, with migrants going to a neighboring country Reasons for regional migration: Short-term economic opportunities Reconnect with cultural group Flee political conflict or war

Economic Opportunities European colonialism helped establish islands of development Coastal cities whose establishment is based on access to trade Most foreign investment, jobs, and major infrastructure is located here Ex: Chinese in SE Asia

Reconnection of Cultural Groups Regional migration flows also center on reconnecting cultural groups across borders Example: Jewish immigration to Israel

U.N Partition Plan of 1947 Syria Jordan River Mediterranean Sea Jerusalem District Dead Sea Jewish State Trans-Jordan Palestinian State Egypt Sinai Pen. Saudi Arabia

Israel After 1948-49 War Syria Jewish State Jordan Egypt Jerusalem Jewish State Jordan Egypt Palestinian State Saudi Arabia

Israel After The 1967 War (Six Day War) Syria Jerusalem Gaza Strip Golan Heights West Bank Jerusalem Gaza Strip Jordan Jewish State Palestinian State Sinai Pen Occupied by Israel

Israel 2002 Syria West Bank Jewish State Palestinian State Egypt Jerusalem West Bank Jewish State Palestinian State Egypt

Conflict and War Regional migration flows may occur as people flee their countries due to political turmoil or war Example: East Germans fleeing to West Germany prior to the Berlin Wall Example: Cuban refugees fleeing to the US to escape a communist government (considered refugees)

National Migration Flows

National Migration Migration within a country; also called internal migration Two waves of migration in the United States: The first wave of migration moved the population westward during the age of Manifest Destiny The second wave moved the population from the industrialized north to the south for economic opportunities Is this still true today?