Concept Level Project Plan P0842X – LED Lighting Technologies Courtney Walsh (ME) Ian Frank (ME) Shawn Russell (ME) Matt Benedict (ME) Naresh Potopsingh (ME) Win Maung (ME)

Concept Level Project Plan Project Name LED Lighting Technologies for a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Venture Project Number P0842X Project Family Sustainable Products, Systems, and Technologies Track Track Sustainable Technologies for the RIT Campus Start Term 2007-2 for MSD1 End Term 2007-3 for MSD2 Faculty Guide Dr. First Last (Dept) Indicate whether this is your choice, or confirmed Faculty Consultant Dr. Vincent Amuso (EE)  Choice Dr. Robert Stevens (ME)  Choice Primary Customer Rochester Institute of Technology

Phase 0: Planning Staffing Requirements Mechanical Engineers 2 One student will serve as the project leader. Responsible for designing support system and package design of the lighting fixture. CAD experience as well as some manufacturing experience is necessary to develop a finished product. Electrical Engineers These students will need to be able to apply their knowledge of electrical systems in order to interface the LED lighting with the available power source. The power sources available will range from grid power to solar power. In the case of sources like solar radiation, they will also have to take into account the need for energy storage within the unit or is a common storage unit for several lighting units on the system. Also, electrical engineers will prepare the electronic hardware to be mounted into the device. Industrial and Systems Engineers 1 This student will apply their knowledge of manufacturing efficiency and sustainability to help with the production and sustainable systems objectives of this particular project. These portions of the project will be especially important when looking to produce a lighting system for the third world as it will have to be very affordable and have a long life time while being able to stand up to the potentially extreme conditions it may be subjected to. Computer Engineers 0 or 1 Computer engineers would mainly utilize their knowledge of electrical engineering to perform most of the tasks required of the LED lighting project. On top of that, computer engineers could program low-level code for hardware that would go along with an LED system. Industrial Design This student will head up the cosmetic design of the product. Regardless of the end application of the lighting system, the units will have to be visually appealing in addition to meeting all of the functional criteria for the product – Industrial Design will play a key roll in this portion of the project. Business Majors 1 – Part Time This student will head up the entrepreneurial aspects of the project. It will be important to provide a business model for the future production and sale of the product to be developed. Additionally, this student will help with the economic efficiency aspects of the project.

Phase 0: Planning Mission Statement Product Description Due to ever increasing energy costs, and the great deal of energy expended at RIT for lighting purposes, this project seeks to use LED lighting technologies to meet the university's lighting demands. A multi-faceted solution for the various lighting applications at RIT will be the end goal of this project and others related to it. This product is designed for superior lighting capabilities, lower energy consumption, easier maintenance and aesthetic appeal. Key Business Goals The primary business goals of this product are to Decrease the use of natural resources in homes and businesses by consuming less energy through a better technology Reduce RIT's global footprint while maintaining, or improving upon, the current lighting standards Reduce electricity usage on the Rochester Institute of Technology campus Challenge the students involved to produce a low cost and creative means of replacing conventional lights with LED lights. Primary Market The primary market for this LED project is the Rochester Institute of Technology. Secondary Market A secondary market for this product can expand to average homes and businesses. Cheaper lighting will be appealing to most anyone who is willing to adapt the technology. Stakeholders Stakeholders in the design of our product include the following: RIT Students RIT Facilities Management RIT Public Safety RIT Finance and Administration Third World Parents Energy Company

Phase 0: Planning Resource Requirements People Faculty Guide – Aid with progress of project Faculty Consultant (Various Departments) – Aid with any issues that may be presented Dave Hathaway – Aid with machining Professor Timothy Landschoot – Aid with mechanical testing in labs RIT – Customer Environment Senior Design Lab – Work Space ME Shop – Parts Fabrication EE Labs – Electronic Testing Storage Space – To store the product, test rigs, and equipment System Dynamics Lab – System Response testing Mechanics Lab – Tensile Testing Equipment EE Equipment – Soldering, Measuring Equipment, Oscilloscope, Light intensity meter Software – MATLAB, LABVIEW, ProEngineer (or equivalent) ME Machine Shop Tools – Production of Prototype Materials AC to DC Converter LED Lights Fixture Materials - Aluminum, Screws, Reflector material, Plastic

Phase 1: Concept Development Identify Customer Needs - Interviews Primary Customer(s) Rochester Institute of Technology Facilities Management (Catherine Ahern) – Waiting to hear back from her so that an interview time can be set up. A group of 2-3 students will meet personally with her, this will provide for better coverage of key points and three sets of notes to compare after the interview. Other Stakeholder(s) Dr. Robert Stevens – 14 September 2007 He will not be available to guide a project this year, but would be interested in doing so in the next academic year. Proposed looking into the EPA P3 grant to get funding for next year’s project Proposed centering the product around 3rd World customers Plan to Interview – Student – Interviewed Interviewed a student and he likes the idea of converting to LED’s. He also thinks that it would be “cool” to see more PV solar lighting units. Faculty/staff – Not Interviewed Facilities Management – Not Interviewed Public Safety-– Not Interviewed Manufacturers – Not Interviewed Electrical Company – Not Interviewed The Communities in which our consumers reside – Not Interviewed Past Senior Design Team(s) P07421 – Past Sustainable LED Lighting for RIT Project The past RIT LED lighting project established a working relationship with many higher-ups in the RIT Administrative Departments. Talking with them to get the names of people that they found helpful, would yield a starting point for our own relations with such people. Additionally the members of this team may be able to tell us of any challenges they encountered when dealing with the university or when producing a product similar to those which we are looking to create.

Phase 1: Concept Development Identify Customer Needs - Benchmarking Competitive or Cooperative Solutions Currently, RIT uses a variety of lighting sources including fluorescent, incandescent, and sodium lamps. I would be able to address the performance of these systems (light produced, energy consumption, etc.) to at least have an idea of the minimum goal for our project. Additionally, some insight into current LED lighting systems would be helpful. To that end it would be good to have some examples of LED systems to evaluate in a similar manner as was described above to give an idea of what exists in the field that we are looking into. For the systems used by RIT, these devices could potentially be borrowed from the university so long at the product tear-down was non-destructive. For a more indepth look at the technology it would be necessary to purchase the product so that it could be torn apart and analyzed. For the LED systems, it would be necessary to purchase the parts for benchmarking, unless it was determined that web research would be enough for the application that we are looking at. Will need to find/develop some method to determine the effectiveness of the lighting system being tested. These tasks could be preformed by a sub-set of the team (project lead, 1 EE, and the ID) Internet Search LED Technology Some LED lighting technology already exists to a smaller extent. Some of those products include: LED Underwater Livewell Lights, Smith and Wesson Galaxy Flashlight, and Westinghouse LED Umbrella Lamp. Also, there are several larger LED light bulbs that may be used in the project. Existing Lighting Technology McMaster Carr has a decent selection of LED lighting products and also some current lighting technologies Google, Wikipedia, MSC, Digikey, DEC, DOD Technical Literature Search The Lumina Project (http://light.lbl.gov/) is a great source for information on LED lighting technologies (specifically in the 3rd World) and the technical work research that has been done on them. Additional research should be done into feasability studies done on LED systems, as well as research into durability, longevity, and efficiency. Electrical Standards, Building Standards, and other product guidelines need to also be researched.

Phase 1: Concept Development Identify Customer Needs - Interpret Needs Statements: Must be energy efficient Must be durable Must provide at least as much light as current systems Must provide at least as large a lighted area as current systems Must fit into a package of similar size to existing systems Must be safe Must be environmentally friendly Must be a sustainable system Must be aesthetically pleasing Must be inexpensive to produce and purchase Must store enough energy to provide light throughout the night (for non-grid systems) Must reduce maintenance costs Must be easy to use Must be versatile Must have commonality with other institute lighting systems Must reduce light pollution Must be virtually indestructible Must be Clean

Phase 1: Concept Development Identify Customer Needs - Interpret Graphical Interpretation

Phase 1: Concept Development Identify Customer Needs - Interpret Organize the Needs into a Hierarchy Meets Constraints Has Commonality to current systems Provides at least as much coverage Provides at least as much light Is of similar size Safe Easy to use Durable Virtually Indestructible Takes Resources into Account Is within production resources Is within budget resources Is economically mindful Is versatile Reduces Costs Is Efficient Has low production and purchasing costs Has a tangible scope Is Aesthetically Pleasing Meets color desires Meets shape desires Is within the available Technology Environmentally friendly Reduces Light pollution Clean source of Light Is mindful of end of life needs Sustainable

Compact Fluorescent lamp Common used in classroom, dorm, lab replacement by LED Uses 110 V or 277V Research fixture Save energy cost Interview with customer for more detailed needs www.botany.uwc.ac.za

Future Plan Where do you go from here? Finish conducting interviews Further review old Senior Design project Develop a more complete draft of the needs assessment based on a particular direction Reserve desired workspaces and equipment before the completion of DPM Refine individual projects