Chapter 13 Gravitation In this chapter we will explore the following topics: -Newton’s law of gravitation, which describes the attractive force between two point masses and its application to extended objects -The acceleration of gravity on the surface of the Earth, above it as well as below it. -Gravitational potential energy -Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion -Satellites (orbits, energy, escape velocity) (13-1)
m1 m2 (13-2)
m1 m2 F12 F21 r m1 m2 r F1 m2 m1 (13-3)
m1 dm r (13-4)
(13-5)
y-axis (13-6)
m2 m1 m1 m2 r F1 (13-7)
r m (13-8)
(13-9)
m B v = 0 v A (13-10)
(13-11) Rotation Axis of the Celestial Sphere Polaris Star Earth
(13-12)
(13-13)
(13-14)
(13-15)