PRESENTATION TO EU WORKING PARTY ON URBAN STATISTICS 9th December 1999 OUTLINE OF THE URBAN AUDIT NICK BOZEAT - ECOTEC - ERECO

OBJECTIVES OF PRESENTATION To discuss methodological challenges To describe principles and practices adopted to address challenges To describe the ‘Products’

THE PROPOSAL Purpose : To respond to needs of a ‘pilot project’ - (Outputs and expectations not defined precisely in terms of reference) Key Features : use of ERECO eeig umbrella Strong multi-national core team for co-ordination Independent network of correspondents Liaison but no obligatory co-operation of cities Ideas for improvement to indicators and ‘products’

THE APPROACH AND TIME TABLE Phase 0 Feb-May 98 Detailed negotiation of work programme Phase 1 May - Sept 98 Refinement of indicators and variables, assessment of availability, method for sub-city analysis, adjustments of WTU Phase II Oct - Jan 99 Collection of information and design and development of presentation products Phase III Feb-July 99 Quality assurance, processing of information, refinement of method, generation of products, advice to EC on future options Phase III + Agreement on products and deliverables

EXPERIENCE OF KEY CONCEPTS CITY (administrative level) Two revisions to terms of reference required (Brussels and Vienna) Nearly all cases city level, reliable source and intuitive level for analysis All inter city comparisons in products made at city level Users can however, compare key city level scores with WTU/conurbation scores

EXPERIENCE OF KEY CONCEPTS CONURBATIONS AND WIDER TERRITORIAL UNITS ‘Administrative’ conurbations straightforward (e.g. French cities) Other criteria building blocks ‘administrative areas’ population density extent of built up area Some refinements necessary where : physical definition crosses ‘Regional’ boundary Some weaknesses in concept where: large sub-urban administrative area includes only small part of built up area definition is similar to an administrative area which includes relatively low density unit Concept ‘expensive’ to operationalise

EXPERIENCE OF KEY CONCEPTS DISPARITIES WITHIN CITIES Approach : Define sub city areas (ideally 10,000 population) Generate selected (common) indicators Select two contrasting areas Generate selected (common) indicators for two areas Generate additional indicators for two areas Issues : ‘Standard’ definitions of sub-city areas vary Results depend on how boundaries are drawn Considerable further scope to map and to analyse data to reveal contrasts in city structures

EXPERIENCE OF KEY CONCEPTS INDICATORS List of indicators in terms of reference refined and lengthened(!) Emphasis on so called ‘outcome’ indicators preferred definitions of variables were given but some flexibility allowed Issues : Data sometimes available for ‘non standard’ boundaries Method (mainly) required variables - sometimes indicators were given (!) No attempt to add indicator scores Scores not presented as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ and no explicit rankings given in products

EXPERIENCE OF KEY CONCEPTS TIME SERIES Only required for one indicator in terms of reference Collected (where possible) for all indicators and variables at city and WTU/conurbation level for 1996, 1991 and 1981 or nearest available date Issues : Some boundary changes over time affect validity of some indicators (population/employment etc) Some definition changes Most of detailed information only presented city by city

EXPERIENCE OF KEY CONCEPTS CITY/NATIONAL COMPARISONS Not a requirement of the Terms of Reference Issues : Not applicable for some indicators Allows for interesting comparisons of relative position of cities ‘Ordinal’ comparisons more valid than ratio comparisons, because of differences in scale of ‘city level’ urban areas and absence of London and Paris

THE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION Key Factors National Variations Between City Variations presence of statistical departments/responsibilities level of co-operation willingness to publish

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - DESIGN Icons and symbols have been used to : Identify domains Illustrate quality of data

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - DESIGN Icons and symbols have been used to : Identify Domains Illustrate quality of data

Population Crime Water Nationality Employment Waste Management Household Structure Economic Activity Land Use Unemployment and Labour Market Civic Involvement Travel Patterns Income, Disparities and Poverty Training and Education Provision Energy Use Housing Training and Education (Qualification) Climate Air Quality and Noise Health Recreation and Culture

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - DESIGN Icons and symbols have been used to : Identify Domains Illustrate quality of data

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - RESULTS Information within each domain has been analysed Results from each city are contextualised Comparative results of scores for each city shown by : indicating which ‘fifth’ city scores belong Relative city and WTU/conurbation level score Divergence between selected sub-city areas Comparisons of specific indicators at national, city and WTU levels

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - RESULTS Information within each domain has been analysed Results from each city are contextualised Comparative results of scores for each city shown by : indicating which ‘fifth’ city scores belong Relative city and WTU/conurbation level score Divergence between selected sub-city areas Comparisons of specific indicators at national, city and WTU levels

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - RESULTS Information within each domain has been analysed Results from each city are contextualised Comparative results of scores for each city shown by : indicating which ‘fifth’ city scores belong Relative city and WTU/conurbation level score Divergence between selected sub-city areas Comparisons of specific indicators at national, city and WTU levels

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - RESULTS Information within each domain has been analysed Results from each city are contextualised Comparative results of scores for each city shown by : indicating which ‘fifth’ city scores belong Relative city and WTU/conurbation level score Divergence between selected sub-city areas Comparisons of specific indicators at national, city and WTU levels

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - RESULTS Information within each domain has been analysed Results from each city are contextualised Comparative results of scores for each city shown by : indicating which ‘fifth’ city scores belong Relative city and WTU/conurbation level score Divergence between selected sub-city areas Comparisons of specific indicators at national, city and WTU levels

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - RESULTS Information within each domain has been analysed Results from each city are contextualised Comparative results of scores for each city shown by : indicating which ‘fifth’ city scores belong Relative city and WTU/conurbation level score Divergence between selected sub-city areas Comparisons of specific indicators at national, city and WTU levels

THE PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS - RESULTS Information within each domain has been analysed Results from each city are contextualised Comparative results of scores for each city shown by : indicating which ‘fifth’ city scores belong Relative city and WTU/conurbation level score Divergence between selected sub-city areas Comparisons of specific indicators at national, city and WTU levels

THE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE PRODUCTS YEARBOOK Part 1 Overview - brief domain by domain analysis Part II Comparative Tables Part III Summary Results from each city (published by Commission in English/French)

THE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE PRODUCTS URBAN AUDIT MANUAL Guide for existing and prospective cities ‘Tested’ during pilot phase Includes explanation of method Datafiles List of datasources used in pilot phase

THE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE PRODUCTS THE WEB SITE

FURTHER RESULTS SUPPLIED TO THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Survey of participating cities - varying inputs, strong continuing interest Interview survey of perceptions Legitimises choice of indicators Perceptions don’t coincide with objective indicators(!) Review of Indicators (including those not included) Detailed results of feasibility work Data base ‘Business plan, with recommendations to the Commission