Evaluation of antimicrobial properties and their substances against pathogenic bacteria in-vitro by probiotic Lactobacilli strains isolated from commercial yoghurt C. Prabhurajeshwar, Kelmani Chandrakanth Clinical Nutrition Experimental Volume 23, Pages 97-115 (February 2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001 Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 1 Single screened colonies on MRS media. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 2 Microscopic observation of Gram's stained Lactobacillus spp. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 3 Optimal growth and pH of isolated Lactobacillus isolates from yoghurt samples. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 4 Bile acid tolerance of Lactobacillus isolates from yoghurt samples. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 5 NaCl tolerance of Lactobacillus isolates from yoghurt samples. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 6 Phylogenetic tree based on neighbour-joining method of 16S rRNA gene sequencing of Lactobacillus isolate. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 7 Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Lactobacillus isolates. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 8 Antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus isolates against test pathogens. A. Gram-positive, B. Gram-negative. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 9 Antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus isolates from yoghurt samples against test pathogens. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 10 Antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus (CFCS) inhibitory substances against test pathogen. A. Bacteriocin, B. Organic acid. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 11 Time kill assay of Lactobacillus (CFCS) isolate against test pathogen. A. Reduction in pathogen colonies, B. Complete killing of pathogen colonies, C. Control. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions
Fig. 12 Scanning Electron Microscopy images. [A] Control, [B] Pathogen treated with Lactobacillus isolate (CFCS). Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019 23, 97-115DOI: (10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.001) Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions