The molecules that form life

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Presentation transcript:

The molecules that form life Proteins

Vocabulary Protein Amino Acid Polypeptide Peptide Bond

Characteristics of Proteins Consist of: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur

Characteristics of Proteins Function: Build and repair tissue Control chemical reactions (Enzymes)

Types of Proteins: Enzymes: Structural Proteins: Signaling Proteins: build and break down molecules - Lactase Structural Proteins: strengthen cells, tissues and organs Fibroin (silk) Signaling Proteins: cell communication - Insulin

Types of Proteins: Regulatory Proteins: Transport Proteins: turn DNA on and off - Estrogen Transport Proteins: move molecules in the body - Hemoglobin Sensory Proteins: help to detect the world around us – Olfactory (Smell)

Types of Proteins: Motor Proteins: Defense Proteins: Storage Proteins: make motion possible - muscle Defense Proteins: fight infection - Antibodies Storage Proteins: store nutrients - Gluten

Building Blocks of Protein Amino Acids Monomer of Protein 20 amino acids needed by humans Polymerized by ribosome into protein Information to make protein is in DNA

Polymerization Peptide Bonds - bonds between amino acids Polypeptide – chains of amino acids Large polypeptides fold in on themselves, at that point we call those proteins.

Vocabulary Protein –polypeptide made of amino acids, performs life functions Amino Acid – monomer of protein, twenty used by humans Polypeptide – chain of amino acids, normally short and not folded Peptide Bond – bond between amino acids