Muscle activation in therapeutic exercises to improve trunk stability

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Muscle activation in therapeutic exercises to improve trunk stability M.Johanne Vezina, MSc, Cheryl L. Hubley-Kozey, PhD  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  Volume 81, Issue 10, Pages 1370-1379 (October 2000) DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2000.16349 Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Electrode placements for (a) URA, (b) EO, (c) LRA, (d) reference electrode, (e) ES, and (f) MT. See text for description. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 1370-1379DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2000.16349) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Interaction plot for muscle by exercise for phase 1. Interaction was statistically significant (p <.05). The between-exercise significant differences (p <.0016) are indicated for each muscle site. *Significant difference from abdominal hollowing. #Significant difference from TST level 1. †Significant difference from pelvic tilt. Critical t = 2.97 for 184 df. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 1370-1379DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2000.16349) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Interaction plot for muscle by exercise for phase 2. Interaction was statistically significant (p <.05). Between-exercise significant differences (p <.0016) are indicated for each muscle site. *Significant difference from abdominal hollowing. #Significant difference from TST level 1. †Significant difference from pelvic tilt. Critical t = 2.97 for 184 df. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 1370-1379DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2000.16349) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Ensemble-average curves (n = 24) for the pelvic tilt exercise. Coefficients of variation for LRA, URA, EO, ES, and MT are 54%, 50%, 60%, 60%, and 80%, respectively. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 1370-1379DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2000.16349) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Ensemble-average curves (n = 24) for the abdominal hollowing exercise. Coefficients of variation for LRA, URA, EO, ES, and MT are 56%, 48%, 59%, 56%, and 52%, respectively. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 1370-1379DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2000.16349) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Ensemble average (n = 24) curves for the TST level 1 exercise. Coefficients of variation for LRA, URA, EO, ES, and MT are 78%, 68%, 76%, 88%, and 107%, respectively. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000 81, 1370-1379DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2000.16349) Copyright © 2000 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions