Carbohydrates!(2.3). Carbohydrates!(2.3) What are Carbohydrates? And more.

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Presentation transcript:

Carbohydrates!(2.3)

What are Carbohydrates? And more

What are Carbohydrates? Carbohydrates are macromolecules made up of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O) Found in a ratio of 1:2:1 Usually in ring structures (in aqueous solution) Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for living things

Types of Carbohydrates Monosaccharide – simple sugars, single rings of CxHxOx. Examples include: Glucose (draw this), Galactose, and Fructose * Wherever there is an angle, there is a CARBON atom

Types of Carbohydrates Disaccharide – A compound made of CxHxOx with 2 joined simple sugars Examples include: Sucrose, Lactose, and maltose

Types of Carbohydrates

Types of Carbohydrates Polysaccharide (complex carbohydrates) – large molecules formed by monosaccharide chains In animals – Glycogen: chains of glucose broken down when energy is needed. ex). muscle contraction.

Types of Carbohydrates Polysaccharide (complex carbohydrates) – large molecules formed by monosaccharide chains In plants – Starch: stored energy in the form of chains of glucose Cellulose: chains of the monosaccharide Dextrose, found in cell walls Cellulose 

Properties of Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are broken down by a process called Hydrolysis

Properties of Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are made from monosaccharides from dehydration reactions