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Figure 14.31 Normally, all filtered bicarbonate is “reabsorbed”

Diagram respiratory response to: Vomiting Diarrhea.

% Water Excreted NaCl Excreted Urinalysis Lab 2012 Dilute Salt 77 17 Category Mean% Excreted St. Error N= Difference Dilute Salt 77 17 14 B Strong Salt 289 38 18 A Water 104 9 28 Category Mean Excreted St. Error N= Difference Dilute Salt 2.0 g 0.2 14 A, B Strong Salt 2.4 g 0.3 18 A Water 1.5 g 28 B

For 2012, the winner of the Peebody Award produced 1845 ml of urine from 800 ml of water. And the winner is….

For 2012, the winner of the The Sahara Award produced a pitiful 0 ml of urine after drinking the “Strong Salt Solution” And the winner is….

Filtration is controlled by aa and ea diameters!

Consider a substance that in filtered only, no reabsorption, no secretion. Excretion of this substance = GFR Clearance of this substance = GFR

Clearance = volume of plasma from which a substance is completely removed (cleared) by the kidneys per unit time. Clearance of Inulin is 120 ml/min Cinulin or Ccreatinine = Glomerular Filtration Rate

Calculating clearance Clearance of s = Urine concentration of s X Urine Volume Plasma concentration of s “24 hour urine catch” + blood sample Special cases: Clearance of Inulin and creatinine (filtered only; use to measure Glomerular Filtration Rate.) Para Amino Hippurate (filtered and completely secreted, use to measure Renal Plasma Flow)

Renal Handling of Substances Filtration + complete Secretion Ex: Para AminoHippurate (PAH) Measure Renal Plasma Flow Filtration + partial reabsorption Ex: Sodium Ex: Water Filtration + 100 Reabsorption Ex: Glucose Ex: Amino Acids

Clearance of Inulin is 120 ml/min Clearance = volume of plasma from which a substance is completely removed (cleared) by the kidneys per unit time. Clearance of Inulin is 120 ml/min Cinulin or Ccreatinine = Glomerular Filtration Rate If C x is greater than GFR ( which is Cinulin) then that substance undergoes NET TUBULAR SECRETION If C x is less than GFR ( which is Cinulin) then that substance undergoes NET TUBULAR REABSORPTION

A little more on Clearance: Clearance of glucose = 0 ml/min which means…. Clearance of X = 120 ml/min which means…. Clearance of antibiotic XXX = 500 ml/min which means…

Who Cares?

S 17 pp X P?

Polycystic Kidney Disease Fig. 14.04 Fluid-filled cysts Polycystic Kidney Disease Symptoms? Genetics? Prognosis & Treament? When Ccreatinine = GFR becomes less than 120 ml/min….? 14.04.jpg

The End? “Reincarnation” by Wallace McRae