KEY CONCEPT Humans appeared late in Earth’s history.

Objectives Examine the evolutionary relationship between humans and other primates. Recognize the names and relative ages of extinct hominids. Summarize the events and forces that shaped evolution

Vocabulary Primate Prosimian Anthropoid Hominid Bipedal

Vocabulary Activity Construct a concept map with the vocabulary words to relate the concepts. Include lesser classifications and examples.

Primate Prosimians Anthropoids Lemurs Hominoids New World Apes include such as Hominoids New World Apes Old World Apes Hominids Bipedal types Are characterized by being Lesser Apes Great Apes

Activity Make groups of 2. Partner 1: will write the main ideas of Main idea 2: There are many fossils of extinct hominids. Partner 2 will write the main ideas of Main idea 3: Modern humans arose nearly 200.000 years ago. Teacher will call the Partners to further explain the idea. At the end, groups will explain each other their Main ideas and will keep record in their notebooks.

Humans share a common ancestor with other primates. Primates are mammals with flexible hands and feet, forward-looking eyes and enlarged brains.

Primates evolved into prosimians and anthropoids. Prosimians are the oldest living primates. They are mostly small and nocturnal.

Anthropoids are humanlike primates. They are subdivided into the New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and hominoids. Homonoids are divided into hominids, great apes, and lesser apes. Hominids include living and extinct humans.

Bipedal means walking on two legs. foraging carrying infants and food using tools Walking upright has important adaptive advantages.

There are many fossils of extinct hominids. Most hominids are either the genus Australopithecus or Homo. Australopithecines were a successful genus. The Homo genus first evolved 2.4 million years ago.

Modern humans arose about 200,000 years ago. Homo sapiens fossils date to 200,000 years ago. Human evolution is influenced by a tool-based culture. There is a trend toward increased brain size in hominids. Australopithecus afarensis Homo habilis Homo neanderthalensis Homo sapiens