9.2 Operant Conditioning “Everything we do and are is determined by our history of rewards and punishments.” –BF Skinner Operant Conditioning: learning.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Learning Operant Conditioning.  Operant Behavior  operates (acts) on environment  produces consequences  Respondent Behavior  occurs as an automatic.

Advertisements

Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Edition in Modules) Module 19 Operant Conditioning James A. McCubbin, PhD Clemson University Worth Publishers.

Chapter 8 Operant Conditioning.  Operant Conditioning  type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by reinforcement or diminished.

Operant Conditioning. I. Operant Conditioning A type of learning that occurs when we receive rewards or punishments for our behavior A type of learning.

What is Operant Conditioning? Module 16: Operant Conditioning.

OPERANT CONDITIONING. Operant Conditioning Learning in which a certain action is reinforced/punished, resulting in an increase or decrease of that action.

Classical Conditioning

OPERANT CONDITIONING. DIFFERENT FROM CLASSICAL CLASSICAL: Experimenter presents UCS and CS and then observes the behavior CLASSICAL: Experimenter presents.

Psychology: An Introduction Charles A. Morris & Albert A. Maisto © 2005 Prentice Hall Learning Chapter 6.

Unit 6 (C): Operant Conditioning

OPERANT CONDITIONING. DEFINITION Learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished, resulting in corresponding increases or decreases in occurrence.

LEARNING: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS Operant Conditioning.

Learning Principles and Applications

+ Operant Conditioning AP Psychology: Learning. + What is Operant Conditioning? Type of learning in which the frequency of a behavior increases or decreases.

OPERANT CONDITIONING. Learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished, resulting in corresponding increases or decreases in behavior.

Read and respond for your class starter: Read the “Exploring Psychology” section on p How did the therapists use the comforts to get the woman to.

Operant Conditioning. Operant Conditioning – A form of learning in which voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences. What does this.

OPERANT CONDITIONING. DIFFERENT FROM CLASSICAL CLASSICAL: Experimenter presents UCS and CS and then observes the behavior CLASSICAL: Experimenter presents.

Learning Psychology. Bell Activity 3/22/2013 Learning Targets: At the end of class you will be able to- -Define Classical Conditioning -Define and Identify.

CP PSYCHOLOGY CP PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER 2 Learning Theories.

Def: a relatively permanent change in behavior that results from experience Classical Conditioning: learning procedure in which associations are made.

Module 27 Operant Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Type of learning in which the frequency of a behavior depends on the consequence that follows that behavior. Another form of learning.

Learning Principles & Applications 7-9% of AP Exam.

Section 2: Operant Conditioning.   Operant Conditioning- learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished, resulting in corresponding increases.

Operate Conditioning B.F. Skinner. Operate Conditioning  Main Idea  Operate Conditioning Occurs when the consequences that follow a behavior in crease.

Operant Conditioning Module 15. Operant Conditioning A type of learning in which the frequency of a behavior depends on the consequence that follows that.

OPERANT CONDITIONING “Everything we do and are is determined by our history of rewards and punishments.” B.F. Skinner.

Operant Conditioning A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. The theory was developed by B.F. Skinner – who was.

Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Learning by Observation

Unit 6: Learning (Behaviorism)

Learning: Principles and Applications

Module 19 Operant Conditioning Big Question: Is the organism learning associations between events that it does not control (classical) OR is it learning.

Chapter 6 Review.

Mr. Koch Psychology Andover High School

PSYCHOLOGY: LEARNING Learning can be defined as the process leading to relatively permanent behavioral change or potential behavioral change.

© 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Operant Conditioning A form of learning in which behavior becomes more or less probable depending on its consequences Associated with B.F. Skinner.

Preview p.8 What reinforcers are at work in your life? i.e. What rewards increase the likelihood that you will continue with desirable behavior.. At.

Learning: Principles and Applications

Behavior is changed by being REINFORCED!!!!

Module 20 Operant Conditioning.

Operant Conditioning 6.2.

Operant conditioning.

Operant Conditioning Module 27.

Case Study: The Little Albert Experiment

Operant Conditioning.

PSY402 Theories of Learning

Operant Conditioning Chapter 9 Section 2.

Behavior is changed by being REINFORCED!!!!

Operant Conditioning.

UNIT 4 BRAIN, BEHAVIOUR & EXPERIENCE

Do Now Describe operant conditioning and one situation where is has applied to a behavior you do.

Chapter 7, Section 2 Psychology

Classical Conditioning

Chapter 7 (C): Operant Conditioning

Do Now Describe operant conditioning and one situation where is has applied to a behavior you do.

Operant Conditioning.

Operant Conditioning.

II. Operant Conditioning

Operant Conditioning.

Do-Now: Describe the following phenomena of Classical Conditioning:

Module 27 – Operant Conditioning 27

Learning Notes 8-4 (obj.13-15)

Classical Conditioning Everyday

Part 1- Behaviorist Learning Theory

Learning and Memory Lap 3 Chapters 9 and 10.

9.2 Operant Conditioning “Everything we do and are is determined by our history of rewards and punishments.” –BF Skinner Operant Conditioning: learning.

Learning Chapter 8.

Operant Conditioning What the heck is it?

Presentation transcript:

9.2 Operant Conditioning “Everything we do and are is determined by our history of rewards and punishments.” –BF Skinner Operant Conditioning: learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished, resulting in corresponding increases or decreases in occurrence. In operant conditioning, the participant must engage in behavior in order for the programmed outcome to occur.

Reinforcement: stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the likelihood that the response will be repeated. Positive Reinforcement: Something the animal wants is added after an action Ex: a treat for the dog Negative Reinforcement: Occurs when something unpleasant is take away Ex: the disappearance of headache pain after you take an aspirin is a negative reinforcer that makes you more likely to take that pain reliever in the future.

Primary Reinforcer: stimulus that is naturally rewarding, such as food or water. Secondary Reinforcer: Stimulus such as money that becomes rewarding through its link with a primary reinforcer.

Schedules of Reinforcement Fixed Ratio: A fixed ratio schedule refers to applying the reinforcement after a specific number of behaviors. EX: Being Paid for every 10 pizzas made. Being ejected after a basketball game after five fouls Fixed Interval: Applying the reinforcer after a specific amount of time is referred to as a fixed interval schedule. EX: Checking a Thanksgiving Turkey in the oven. The frequency of checking increases as the time for the turkey draws near. Cramming for an exam

Variable Ratio: a pattern of reinforcement in which an unpredictable number of responses are required before reinforcement can be obtained. Ex: Playing a slot machine. Generally, animals on variable ratio schedules of reinforcement tend to work or respond at a steady, high rate. Variable interval schedule: a pattern of reinforcement in which changing amounts of time must elapse before a response will obtain reinforcement. Ex: surprise pop quizzes in class. Response rate is usually slow but steady. Ratio schedules are based on number of responses, while interval schedules are based on time.

Shaping: a technique in which the desired behavior is modeled by first rewarding any act similar to that behavior and then requiring ever-closer approximations to the desired behavior before giving the reward. * In negative reinforcement , escape or avoidance behavior is repeated and increses in frequency. In punishment behavior that is punished decreases or is not repeated.

Disadvantages of Punishment 1.) Can produce unwanted side effects such as rage, aggression and fear. 2.) People learn to avoid the person delivering the aversive consequences. Punishment does not teach appropriate and acceptable behavior. Without positive coaching and modeling, the child may never learn the correct behavior. 2.) have less opportunity to correct the child’s inappropriate behavior. The punished behavior is likely to be suppressed but not eliminated.