and The Red Scare and Arms Race Brinkmanship Lecture 2 and The Red Scare and Arms Race

Standard 11.9.3 Trace the origins and geopolitical consequences (foreign and domestic) of the Cold War and containment policy Essential Question: What is brinkmanship and how does it relate to the Red Scare and Arms Race?

The Second Red Scare 1950: Congress gave Truman authority to detain “suspicious people. Truman vetoed 1947: Truman established a Loyalty Review Board required a loyalty oath and background check communist groups and unions

HUAC House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) 1949 feared foreign agents were working to subvert America Alger Hiss (State Dept.) tried twice for espionage and imprisoned for perjury

Hollywood + Communism = Blacklisting HUAC investigated communism in Hollywood unions “Hollywood Ten” refused to testify banned from working over 300 directors/actors denied employment Potential communists Ronald Reagan, Walt Disney, Elia Kazan (1999) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3q9ExRobeQ

Joe McCarthy Joseph McCarthy Wisconsin senator held up a “list” of 250 employees of State department who were communists set off second red scare until 1954 when McCarthy fell out of favor http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MzKW-oz1Lbw

Rosenbergs Ethel and Julius Rosenberg Americans feared espionage led to rapid Soviet development of A-Bomb US developed A-Bomb in 1945 Soviets get A-Bomb in 1949 US developed H-Bomb in 1952 Soviets get H-Bomb in 1953 executed Rosenbergs for espionage/treason

The Arms Race H-Bomb, 1952 the hydrogen bomb was the first thermonuclear explosion took place in the Marshall Islands 450 times Nagasaki vaporized an entire island, leaving behind a crater more than a mile wide

Eisenhower Popular Allied commander in Europe during WWII http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TctDYRECE9o Eisenhower Popular Allied commander in Europe during WWII Nixon became the Vice President believed we should show strength by getting as close to war as possible without war brinkmanship promised to get us out of Korea

Nuclear Response Massive Retaliation (Dulles), 1954 the US would answer any attack with a larger nuclear response

MAD Dogg Mutual Assured Destruction (M.A.D.) deterrence was knowing that if we tried to kill them we would also die

Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Khrushchev Soviet Premier 1953-1964 succeeded Stalin who died in 1953 dealt with Eisenhower and Kennedy helped keep up the arms race We will bury you!!

U-2 Incident U-2 Incident, 1960 Ike said we do not spy (just the Soviets did) a US spy plane was shot down over USSR Gary Powers, pilot Ike admitted it but refused to apologize

Hungary Hungarian Revolt, 1956 Eisenhower promised aid Hungary drove soviets out of Budapest and waited for aid Soviet troops retook the city Month

Eisenhower Doctrine Eisenhower Doctrine, 1957 promised economic and military aid to Middle East helped est. Shah in Iran (overthrown in 1980s) US sent troops to Lebanon in 1958 the US Belonged to CENTO from 1955 – 1979 Suez Canal Crisis, 1957

Military Industrial Complex in 1960, Eisenhower warned against the US relying too much on large defense contracts for the economy claimed there was a link between arms makers and US military

Sputnik Sputnik, 1957 first man-made satellite circled the globe every 96 minutes for 92 days created “missile gap” because Soviets were ahead in arms race and space race

October Sky National Defense Education Act US emphasizes math and science October Sky

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 1958 the arms race became the space race JFK promised in 1961 to land a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s

HW Questions Chapter 12 Section 4 + Chapter 13 Section 1 http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=6882&title=We_Didn_t_Start_the_Fire