Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanoes Review

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200 What 2 continents seem to fit together like puzzle pieces, one factor supporting the continental drift theory? Answer: Africa and South America Back

400 What similar items were found on multiple continents which could only be there if the continents were once together? Back Answer: fossils

How do mountain ranges support the theory of continental drift? 600 How do mountain ranges support the theory of continental drift? Answer: mountain ranges of similar age, composition, and formation are found on different continents Back

800 Why was Wegener’s continental drift theory not accepted when he proposed it in the early 1900’s? Answer: he did not propose a way that the plates moved Back

What types of plate contain the oldest rocks? 1000 What types of plate contain the oldest rocks? Back Answer: continental

What are the three types of boundaries between tectonic plates? 200 What are the three types of boundaries between tectonic plates? Answer: convergent, divergent, and transform Back

What causes the movement of the tectonic plates? 400 What causes the movement of the tectonic plates? Answer: convection currents in the asthenosphere (lower mantle) Back

600 When on oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, which one will subduct and why? Answer: oceanic because it is more dense Back

800 What is present in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean and how does the age of the rocks there compare to the age of the rocks near the coast? Answer: mid-Atlantic Ridge, older Back

What is the most common event that happens at a transform fault? 1000 What is the most common event that happens at a transform fault? http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqscanv/ http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Maps/region/Australia.php Back Answer: earthquakes

At what type of tectonic plate boundary does subduction occur? 200 At what type of tectonic plate boundary does subduction occur? Back Answer: convergent

What kind of plates are colliding in the diagram below? 400 What kind of plates are colliding in the diagram below? Back Answer: 2 oceanic plates

600 A deep place in the ocean caused by one ocean plate subducting under another ocean plate is called a _________. Back Answer: trench

What forms where a continental plate converges with an oceanic plate? 800 What forms where a continental plate converges with an oceanic plate? Answer: continental volcanic arc and/or a trench Back

1000 What is the band of volcanoes that are found around the pacific ocean called? Back Answer: ring of fire

200 What type of volcano has smooth, fluid lava flows and forms a large, spread-out cone? Back Answer: shield volcano

When magma reaches the earth’s surface, it is called what? 400 When magma reaches the earth’s surface, it is called what? Back Answer: lava

600 The Hawaiian Islands were formed in the middle of the Pacific Plate rather than at a plate boundary. Science believe there must be a __________ located there which produced the islands. Back Answer: hot spot

What type of lava is smooth and “ropey.” 800 What type of lava is smooth and “ropey.” Back Answer: pahoehoe

1000 This is the smallest type of volcano, created by light ejected material building a steep cone shape. Back Answer: cinder cone

What is the point underground where an earthquake originates? 200 What is the point underground where an earthquake originates? Back Answer: focus

Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest? 400 Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest? Back Answer: p-waves

600 What is the device called that records the shaking of the ground during an earthquake? Back Answer: seismograph

800 What is a tsunami? Answer: an ocean wave caused by an earthquake Back

1000 If a p-wave arrives 4 minutes before an s-wave, how far away is the earthquake’s epicenter? Answer: 1500 miles Back