8. 11(C)  explore how short- and long-term environmental changes affect organisms and traits in subsequent populations

Environmental Changes can be natural such as _____, _____, ______, and ______ to name a few. Also, Environmental changes can be human impacts such as _____, ______, ______, and _______.

Long-term change effects- environmental change that occurs slowly over time and affects organisms over generations Short-term change effects- environmental change that occurs quickly and affects organism immediately

Biodiversity The variety of organisms in an environment or ecosystem. Technical Definition: A structure, behavior or other trait in an organism that helps it to survive in its environment. Image from: http://www.education.com/files/25001_25100/25038/file_25038.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from Access Science Glossary, page 310.

Which fox is best suited for the environment? Natural Selection Helpful traits are passed on to new generations. Which fox is best suited for the environment? Technical Definition: The process by which organisms with traits best suited to an environment survive and pass their traits to the next generation more often than organisms without these traits. Images adpated from: http://www.hickerphoto.com/data/media/40/snow-white-arctic-fox_29632.jpg & http://www.arkive.org/media/6E/6E96B6F5-59DF-4B8F-91C9-A4F023ED7FBE/Presentation.Large/Arctic-fox-in-winter-coat-mouth-open.jpg; Technical Definition from: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from Access Science Glossary, pg 202.

Adaptation A change in an organism that helps it survive. Technical Definition: A structure, behavior or other trait in an organism that helps it to survive in its environment. Image from: http://www.education.com/files/25001_25100/25038/file_25038.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from Access Science Glossary, page 310.

Migration The movement of animals due to a change in season or due to a permanent need. Technical Definition: The seasonal movement of a complete population of animals from one area to another. Image from: http://www.paulnoll.com/Oregon/Birds/Avian-migration-Swans.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from ScienceSaurus Glossary, page 501.

Camouflage Blending in to the environment Technical Definition: The concealment by disguise or protective coloring. Image from: http://bp1.blogger.com/__GX3PlNzEG0/RwUFJD6a2vI/AAAAAAAAApQ/ZKrdC2t5Bxo/s1600-h/camouflaged-animals-1.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from www.thefreedictionary.com

Diapause Insect form of hibernation Technical Definition: A period during which growth or development is suspended and physiological activity is diminished, as in certain insects in response to adverse environmental conditions. Image from: http://www.glyphguy.com/blogs/2008/11/; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from www.thefreedictionary.com

8. 11(D)  recognize human dependence on ocean systems and explain how human activities such as runoff, artificial reefs, or use of resources have modified these systems.

Some examples of ocean systems:

Pollution Harmful substances mixing with the air, land, and/or water. Technical Definition: Contamination of soil, water, or the atmosphere by the discharge of harmful substances. Image adapted from: http://blog.lib.umn.edu/schne644/architecture/; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from Access Science, page 106.

Overfishing or Overharvesting Catching large numbers of fish so as to deplete their populations. Technical Definition: To fish to such a degree as to upset the ecological balance or cause depletion of living creatures. Image from: http://www.endoverfishing.org/newengland/newsroom/images/Overfishing-Thousands-of-Pounds-of-Jack-Mackerel-NOAA-Images.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: Common Knowledge

Dead Zones Low-oxygen areas in the world's oceans. The Gulf of Mexico dead zone near the mouth of the Mississippi River (Photo courtesy NOAA). Image from: http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/mar2008/2008-03-11-091.html; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com

Artificial Reef a human-made underwater structure, typically built for the purpose of promoting marine life Image from: http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/mar2008/2008-03-11-091.html; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com

Watershed Area of land that drains water from a higher area of land to a lower level of land and into a stream. Technical Definition: An area that is drained by a river and all the streams that empty into it. Image from: http://www.sanduskyriver.org/uploads/watershed.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from ScienceSaurus Glossary, page 482.

Dependence on Natural Resources something needed or greatly desired Image from: http://www.sanduskyriver.org/uploads/watershed.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from ScienceSaurus Glossary, page 482.

Watershed Area of land that drains water from a higher area of land to a lower level of land and into a stream. Technical Definition: An area that is drained by a river and all the streams that empty into it. Image from: http://www.sanduskyriver.org/uploads/watershed.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from ScienceSaurus Glossary, page 482.

Groundwater Water located the Earth’s surface. Technical Definition: Water beneath the earth's surface. Image adapted from: http://jnuenvis.nic.in/subject/freshwater/groundwater3.jpg; Technical Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com; Student Definition: adapted from Access Science, page 107.

Surface Water Water that is located at the Earth's surface. Image from: http://www.kidsgeo.com/images/surface-water.jpg; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com.