Observation of Magnetoreceptive Behavior in a Multicellular Magnetotactic Prokaryote in Higher than Geomagnetic Fields  Michael Greenberg, Karl Canter,

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Observation of Magnetoreceptive Behavior in a Multicellular Magnetotactic Prokaryote in Higher than Geomagnetic Fields  Michael Greenberg, Karl Canter, Inga Mahler, Adam Tornheim  Biophysical Journal  Volume 88, Issue 2, Pages 1496-1499 (February 2005) DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.104.047068 Copyright © 2005 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Time lapses of MMP ping-pong trajectories at 1.7mT. Successive images are taken 0.1s apart at near the air-water interface. The interface is at ∼20μm from the right of the figure with air on the left and water on the right. A uniform magnetic field of 1.7mT is present in the direction right to left. The paths were followed until the MMPs swam below the plane of focus. Biophysical Journal 2005 88, 1496-1499DOI: (10.1529/biophysj.104.047068) Copyright © 2005 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Probability, per minute, of an MMP undergoing a ping-pong event as a function of the magnetic field. The probabilities for single MMPs followed individually or chosen randomly from an ensemble, as shown here, were the same. Biophysical Journal 2005 88, 1496-1499DOI: (10.1529/biophysj.104.047068) Copyright © 2005 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Typical velocity versus time of an MMP during a ping-pong at 0.8mT. Successive data points were taken 0.1s apart. Best fit line for acceleration gives an acceleration of 160μm/s2 against the field and 40μm/s2 along the field. The average outgoing excursion velocity is ∼170μm/s. The upper left inset shows the suspended drop on a coverslip, supported by an o-ring. Biophysical Journal 2005 88, 1496-1499DOI: (10.1529/biophysj.104.047068) Copyright © 2005 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 (A) Outward excursion termination dots recorded for a 2min interval at 1.2mT. The vertical direction is not necessarily the actual vertical position of the recorded ping-pongs. The solid line denotes the starting points of the ping-pongs, i.e., essentially the air-water interface. A video clip of the MMP motility from which this figure was generated is given in the online supplemental materials. (B) Outward excursion termination dots for a magnetic field of 0.55mT. Biophysical Journal 2005 88, 1496-1499DOI: (10.1529/biophysj.104.047068) Copyright © 2005 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Onset distance, do, as a function of field strength. The onset was measured at fields varying from 0.08 to 1.7mT. Biophysical Journal 2005 88, 1496-1499DOI: (10.1529/biophysj.104.047068) Copyright © 2005 The Biophysical Society Terms and Conditions