The Rise of Dictators and the War Begins WWII The Rise of Dictators and the War Begins Chapter 13 Sections 1 & 2

Causes of WW II The Rise of dictators New ideas about government The Great Depression WW I and the failure of the Treaty of Versailles

Dictatorship in Italy Benito Mussolini Fascism: Extreme Nationalism Strong government Wants to control Mediterranean Sea Invades North Africa/Ethiopia AXIS POWER

Dictatorship in Germany Adolf Hitler Nazism Advocates extreme nationalism State control of industry Superior Aryan race Expand German territory & control Europe AXIS POWER

Dictatorship In Japan Led by Military Extreme Nationalism Aggressive military Overpopulation & in need of natural resources Invades Manchuria, China Rich in natural resources Wants Pacific Empire AXIS POWER

Dictatorship In Russia Josef Stalin Communism One party rule No private property Crush opposition Signs Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact Agree not to invade each other Germany eventually violates Semi-neutral than Allied Power

Allied Powers in War Britain France Poland June 1941: Soviet Union/Russia December 1941: United States And the green countries (Make sure you memorize them all!)

WW II Aggression 1931: Japan invades Manchuria 1935: 1. Hitler denounced the Versailles Treaty & the League of Nations [re-arming!] 2. Mussolini attacks Ethiopia. 1936: German troops sent into the Rhineland. 1937: Japan invades China

WW II Aggression Continued 1938: 1. Austrian Anschluss – reunification with Germany. 2. Rome-Berlin Tokyo Pact [AXIS] 3. Munich Agreement  APPEASEMENT! Gave Hitler Sudetenland, Czech 1939: 1. German troops march into the rest of Czechoslovakia. 2. Hitler-Stalin Non-Aggression Pact. September 1, 1939: German troops march into Poland  blitzkrieg WW II begins!!!

Foreign Policy Tensions in U.S. Internationalism Neutrality Trade prevents war with prosperity FDR’s philosophy U.S. should try to create peace Isolationism Nye Committee: Only reason for war is for arms industry to make money Support Neutrality Acts

Neutrality Acts: 1935, 1936, 1937 During a foreign war, trade restrictions would apply: Prohibited sales of arms to warring nations. Prohibited loans and credits to warring nations. Forbade Americans to travel on vessels of nations at war Non-military goods must be purchased on a “cash-and-carry” basis  pay when goods are picked up. Banned involvement in the Spanish Civil War.

US Neutrality

1939 Neutrality Act Results of the 1939 Neutrality Act: In response to Germany’s invasion of Poland. FDR persuades Congress in special session to allow the US to aid European democracies in a limited way: The US could sell weapons to the European democracies on a “cash-and-carry” basis. FDR was authorized to proclaim danger zones which US ships and citizens could not enter. Results of the 1939 Neutrality Act: Aggressors could not send ships to buy US munitions. The US economy improved as European demands for war goods helped bring the country out of the 1937-38 recession. America becomes the “Arsenal of Democracy.”