Thomas Jefferson 3rd President Served: 1801-1809 Party: Democratic-Republican Lawyer & Planter LA Purchase

Write down underlined items War of 1812 Write down underlined items June 18, 1812 – February 18, 1815

James Madison 4th President Term: 1809-1817 Party: Democratic Republican Father of the Constitution War of 1812 “Mr. Madison’s War”

Cause #1 – Manifest Destiny belief that US is destined to conquer North America… To defend “national honor” To gain LAND… Florida and Canada

Cause #2 – British interference with American shipping – naval blockade GB and France were at war with each other. GB did NOT want the US to provide the French with food and supplies, so they set up a partial blockade. British seize contraband (war materials) headed to France

Cause #3 – Impressment (kidnapping) American sailors British “impressed” or kidnapped American sailors and forced them to work on British ships. Between 1803 to 1812, the British impressed about 6,000 American sailors.

Give me your cargo!

John Bull taking a lunch What is the message of the cartoon?

Jefferson’s Response Before the War of 1812 THAT’S IT! We will no longer sell ANYTHING to ANYONE! That’ll show ‘em who’s boss! Thomas Jefferson establishes an embargo – refuses to trade with ANYONE! BUT, embargo hurts American economy… forced to repeal (WHY?)

D—n it, how he nicks ‘em Oh! This cursed O-grab-me What is the message of the cartoon?

Death of the Embargo Act What is the message of the cartoon

Cause #4 – Americans believe British push Native Americans to fight settlers. Many American settlers believed that the British were stirring up the Native resistance to frontier settlement. Funding their resistance movement against U.S. Tecumseh’s Rebellion

Cause #5 – Western members of the House of Representatives (called War Hawks) want to expand into Canada and go to war with Britain Leaders such as Congressman Henry Clay angrily demanded war against Britain. These “war hawks” wanted British aid to Natives Americans stopped, and they wanted the British out of Canada. Those against the war – Doves

EFFECTS of the War of 1812 The British burned Washington D.C. to the ground!

Effect #1 – Treaty of Ghent Restored boundaries to pre-war boundaries Who wins?

Effect #2 – Battle of New Orleans American men were courageous and Andrew Jackson gains notoriety and will become our 7th president. Happened 2 weeks after treaty … why?

Effect #3 – Native Americans weakened The war broke the strength of Native Americans who had sided with the British.

Effect #4 – Growth of US manufacturing. War interrupted trade and Americans were forced to make many of the goods they had previously imported. We made more goods at home. Henry Clay’s American System – 1) tariffs to protect business 2) a national bank to help trade 3) internal improvements (roads & canals)

Battle of Fort McHenry  Francis Scott Key writes Star Spangled Banner Effect #5 – US proves it could defend itself against world’s strongest military, this increases AMERICAN PATRIOTISM Britain was still viewed as the mightiest military power of the time and the US was able to beat them… again! Battle of Fort McHenry  Francis Scott Key writes Star Spangled Banner

Effect #6 – The Era of Good Feelings James Monroe is President The Federalist party is gone – so ONLY the Democratic Republicans remain! ONE PARTY!!! = no fighting = good feelings 

Effect #7 – Monroe Doctrine James Monroe issues the Monroe Doctrine a few years after the war, which est. America’s dominance over the Americas (Latin America, South America) Warning to European states to stay out of American affairs This represented a growing and powerful nation