2. Evidence of Plate Tectonics Page 7 2. Evidence of Plate Tectonics Sea- floor Spreading is a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity then gradually moves away from the ridge This supports the theory of plate tectonics

Rift Process Page 7 Mid-ocean ridge Rift Valley

1. Evidence of Sea Floor Spreading Age Evidence- As the distance from the ocean ridge __________ the age of the rock ___________ Page 8 increases increases

1. Evidence of Sea Floor Spreading Age Evidence- As the distance from the ocean ridge __________ the age of the rock ___________ Page 8 increases increases

2. Magnetic Evidence- clues from iron bearing basalt rocks supports the theory of seafloor spreading Page 8 N N Normal Reverse Key S S

Magnetic Evidence- magnetic minerals line up with the poles which have flipped over the years Page 8 N N Normal Reverse Key S S

Show DVD 100 Greatest Discoveries in Earth Science Page 7 Show DVD 100 Greatest Discoveries in Earth Science

Page 8 3. Pillow Rocks (Lava Rocks)- strange rocks shaped like pillows because molten rock hardens quickly after erupting underwater

What is the driving force beneath plate tectonics __________________________________ Convection Currents Page 9

Model of convective flow in the mantle Complete lab 4-2 Pages 149-153 Page 9 Figure 12.14

less more carries/moves Hot ______ dense material form deep within Earth’s mantle rises. When this material cools near the surface, it becomes _______ dense and sinks. The resulting convective flow of this material in the mantle ______________ lithospheric plates across the surface of Earth. less more carries/moves Divergent convergent cells convection subduction Page 9

Questions Page 9 Increases Divergence C D

Page 10 C A D

Type of Plate Boundaries Page 10 Plate Boundaries- the movement and interaction of tectonic plates creates 3 types of plate boundaries: the arrows on the tectonic map (ESRT page 5) show the relative motion. Type of Plate Boundaries Direction of Movement Arrows on the Map Away from each other Divergent Towards each other Convergent Laterally or sideways Transform

Convergent Plate Boundaries- _______________________________________ Page 11 Where two plates are coming together/ colliding

TYPE: Oceanic-Continental Plates Page 11 TYPE: Oceanic-Continental Plates Oceanic plate subducts under the continental plate b/c ocean plate in more dense

_______________________________________ Keys Features- _______________________________________ Page 11 Subduction, explosive volcanoes, mountains, ocean trenches , Earthquakes

_______________ - Examples: Convergent Boundary (Oceanic- Continental) Page 11 Northwest United States & West coast of South America