Palladio and Jefferson and Boyle

Palladio Villa Rotunda Palladio Villa Rotunda 1550 See pages 737-738 in Stokstad Palladio Villa Rotunda

Andrea Palladio He pursued mathematical clarity in both plan and elevation, stemming from the Renaissance belief that beauty could be attained through the use of geometry and measurement. His buildings were largely intended as reconstructions of antique architecture, based on his reading of Vitruvius’ De Architectura. His villas, the most influential part of his work, use the temple front, because Palladio believed that this was also a feature of antique domestic architecture. Palladio conceived of architecture as something rational, which obeyed rules: if a work is created according to rules, it can be imitated and taught, assuming that the same basic precepts are imparted. Expect geometrical symmetry

Palladio Villa Rotunda elevation 1550

Palladio Villa Rotunda 1550 See pages 737-738 in Stokstad

Designed by James Hoban; it was built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the late Georgian style. In the mainstream of Georgian style were both Palladian architecture— and its whimsical alternatives, Gothic and Chinoiserie, which were the English-speaking world's equivalent of European Rococo. From the mid-1760s a range of Neoclassical modes were fashionable, associated with the British architects Robert Adam, James Gibbs, Sir William Chambers, James Wyatt, Henry Holland and Sir John Soane. Greek Revival was added to the design repertory, after Georgian architecture is characterized by its proportion and balance; simple mathematical ratios were used to determine the height of a window in relation to its width or the shape of a room as a double cube. "Regular" was a term of approval, implying symmetry and adherence to classical rules: the lack of symmetry, where Georgian additions were added to earlier structures, was deeply felt as a flaw. The White House

The Jefferson Memorial Built from 1939 to 1943; the neoclassical building was designed by John Russell Pope. The Jefferson Memorial

University of Virginia Architect: Thomas Jefferson, ca. 1826. University of Virginia

Architect: Thomas Jefferson, ca. 1772. Monticello

Chiswick House 1724-1729 Richard Boyle, the third earl of Burlington East London, England geometrical symmetry Chiswick House 1724-1729 Richard Boyle, the third earl of Burlington East London, England

Chiswick House 1724-1729 Richard Boyle, the third earl of Burlington East London, England