noun / adjective agreement Adjective endings and noun / adjective agreement

In Spanish, adjectives and articles always agree with nouns in gender and number.

If a noun is masculine, the adjective and article which modify it must be masculine also.

If a noun is feminine, the adjective and article which modify it must be feminine also.

If a noun is plural and ends with an -s , the adjective and article must end in an -s as well.

m.sg. un chico alto f.sg. una chica alta m.pl. unos chicos altos f.pl. unas chicas altas

m.sg. el señor guapo f.sg. la señora guapa m.pl. los señores guapos f.pl. las señoras guapas

Many adjectives and many nouns end in –a, -o, -e or a consonant like –l, -z, -d.

Nouns generally carry only one gender and always reflect that gender.

Nouns that end in -a are generally feminine and nouns that end in -o generally are masculine.

feminine - la blusa, la falda, la camisa masculine - el vestido, el sombrero, el zapato.

Nouns that end in -e or a consonant can be either gender and must be learned individually.

feminine - la estudiante, la televisión masculine - el lápiz, el calcetín, el parque, el restaurante.

Adjectives that end in either -a or -o change their ending according to the gender of the noun they modify.

m.sg. un chico alto f.sg. una chica alta m.pl. unos chicos altos f.pl. unas chicas altas

m.sg. el señor guapo f.sg. la señora guapa m.pl. los señores guapos f.pl. las señoras guapas

Adjectives that end in either -e or a consonant do not change their ending according to gender.

However, adjectives that end in any vowel do add an -s if the noun they modify is plural.

Adjectives that end in a consonant add an -es if the noun they modify is plural.

m.sg. un sombrero azul f.sg. una falda verde m.pl. unos sombreros azules f.pl. unas faldas verdes

m.sg. el señor guapo f.sg. la señora guapa m.pl. los señores guapos f.pl. las señoras guapas

Adjective agreement also holds in this case. La chica es bonita. Nosotros somos rubios. Es and somos are verbs. Verbs do not follow these rules in the same way.

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Raúl es cómic____.

Rosalinda es bonit____. Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. a Rosalinda es bonit____.

Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Juan es rubi____.

Graciela es simpátic____. Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. a Graciela es simpátic____.

Los amigos de Francisco son divertid____. os Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Los amigos de Francisco son divertid____. os

Las faldas son larg____. Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. as Las faldas son larg____.

Mis zapatos son negr____. Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. os Mis zapatos son negr____.

e Yo soy inteligent____. Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. e Yo soy inteligent____.

Bud es un perro gord___ y perezos____. o Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. o Bud es un perro gord___ y perezos____. o

El gato en la camiseta de la chica es fe____. o Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. El gato en la camiseta de la chica es fe____. o

Los chicos son fuert___. Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. es Los chicos son fuert___.

a Mónica es muy guap____. Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. a Mónica es muy guap____.

Graciela y Rosalinda son muy buen____ amigas. as Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Graciela y Rosalinda son muy buen____ amigas. as

Raúl lleva una chaqueta azul____ y un sombrero azul ____. o o Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Raúl lleva una chaqueta azul____ y un sombrero azul ____. o o

Rosalinda lleva un vestido amarill____. o Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Rosalinda lleva un vestido amarill____. o

Pedro lleva una camisa roj____. a Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Pedro lleva una camisa roj____. a

Graciela tiene una bolsa grand____. e Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Graciela tiene una bolsa grand____. e

Los zapatos de Bill son blanc____. os Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Los zapatos de Bill son blanc____. os

Los vaqueros de Raúl son azul____. es Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. Los vaqueros de Raúl son azul____. es

La falda de Graciela es morad____. a Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. La falda de Graciela es morad____. a

La camisa de Francisco es anaranjad____. a Put the appropriate ending on the adjective in each sentence or phrase. La camisa de Francisco es anaranjad____. a

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