States of Matter Ms. Nail’s 7th Grade Science

States of Matter JOKES!!

Let’s review matter… Matter is anything that takes up space & has mass. It occurs in three states: Solid Liquid Gas

Mass: The amount of matter in an object. Measured in g or kg.

Solids Solids are matter with a definite shape and volume. The particles are in a tight, regular pattern. The particles are close together and vibrate. A solid does not take the shape of a container in which it is placed.

1. 2. 3.

Liquid A liquid is matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape. Liquid takes the shape of the container. The volume of a liquid, however, is the same no matter what the shape of the container. Particles are further apart, and can move freely.

A liquid is matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape. 1. Definition Liquid Volume: refers to the amount of space the object takes up. 2. 3.

Water has a low viscosity. Honey has a high viscosity. A liquid’s resistance to flow is known as the liquid’s viscosity. The slower a liquid flows, the higher its viscosity is. For many liquids, viscosity increases as the liquid becomes colder. Water has a low viscosity. Honey has a high viscosity.

Surface Tension The uneven forces acting on the particles on the surface of a liquid are called surface tension. Surface tension causes the liquid to act as if a thin film were stretched across its surface.

2 Characteristics of a Liquid What do YOU think? List 2 liquids that has high viscosity. List 2 liquids that has low viscosity. 1. 2.

Gas Gas is matter that does not have a definite shape or volume. The particles in gas are much farther apart than those in a liquid or solid. Gas particles move at high speeds in all directions.

Vapor Matter that exists in the gas state but is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature is called vapor. Water, for example, is a liquid at room temperature. Thus, water vapor is the term for the gas state of water.

1. 2. Um.. NO! 3. Can it take the shape of a container? Vapor: Matter that exists in the gas state but is a liquid or solid at room temp. 2. 3. Can it take the shape of a container? Um.. NO!

Phase Changes in Matter The temperature changes Q: List at least one way matter can change from one state to another. Q: Can matter change from one state to another? A: ______________________ A: _______________________ Ice-freezing, melting YES! Absolutely!! When matter changes from one state to another, it is called a ___________________ Phase changes occur when ___________________________________ Phase Change The temperature changes

Solid Phase Changes Q: What happens when a SOLID goes through a phase change? Melting: When a solid changes into a liquid. Sublimation: When a solid changes into a gas without going through the liquid phase.

Liquid Phase Changes Q: What happens when a LIQUID goes through a phase change? Freezing/Solidification: When a liquid changes Into solid. Evaporation: When a liquid changes into a gas.

Gas Phase Changes Q: What happens when a GAS goes through a phase change? Condensation: When a gas changes into liquid. Deposition: When a gas changes into a solid.

Phase Changes in Matter FILL IN THE BLANKS

Mini Lab Time: Surface Tension Trial 1 Trial 2 Average Mini Lab Time: Surface Tension