GES166/266, Soil Chemistry Lecture 1, Introduction.

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GES166/266, Soil Chemistry Lecture 1, Introduction

Salt Affected Soils

Acid Soils

Saturated Soil (wetland)

Parent Material ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾® Soil primary secondary minerals minerals

Parent Material ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾® Soil

Entisol - rich in primary mineral relics

Mollisol - rich in 2:1 phyllosilicate clay minerals and OM

Vertisol - 2:1 minerals with high shrink-swell

Alfisol (with a duripan) - increased weathering but 2:1 minerals still dominate; 1:1 minerals are creeping in, however.

(California State Soil) Alfisol (California State Soil) Durixeralf

Ultisol - 1:1 minerals and ‘oxides’ now are becoming a dominant feature

Oxisol - Oxides of Al and Fe dominate the soil profile

Andisol - volcanic ash

Spodosol - evidence of the role O.M. and climate have on soil development

Histosol

EXPECTED ION CORRDINATION

BOND VALENCE

BOND VALENCE

BUILDING BLOCKS

APICAL TETRAHEDRAL LINKAGE

BASAL TETRAHEDRAL LINKAGES

ALTERNATING TETRAHEDRAL LINKAGES

Si6O18

Si6O18 Polyhedral View

CORNER-SHARING OCTAHEDRA

EDGE-SHARING OCTAHEDRA