The Anaconda Plan

What was the Anaconda Plan? This plan refers to the Union’s strategy of surrounding and cutting off the South’s ability to reach the outside world. The plan, invented by Union General Winfield Scott, was put in place with hopes that it would cripple the South’s economy.

Why was it called the “Anaconda Plan”? The plan was named after the largest snake in the world, the Anaconda, that encircles its victim and squeezes it to death.

Why did the North think it would work? The South ran on farming and selling agriculture. Without anyone to trade with, they couldn’t get shoes, guns, plows, and other items. This would “strangle” the Southern army and its citizens.

How was the plan carried out? Union forces would set up a naval blockade at Confederate ports. They would then patrol the waters to keep ships from leaving or arriving This stopped the South from being able to trade.

How was NC impacted by the plan? North Carolina had many towns including Beaufort, Plymouth, and New Bern taken over by the Union. New Bern became the Union’s main headquarters. Many North Carolinians were infuriated by what had happened.

How did free Blacks play a role? Seaports were home to many freed slaves, and they were happy to help the Union take over the areas. Once the Union began taking over, thousands of slaves were able to leave their plantations. By 1862, New Bern alone had 7,500 African American refugees.