Introduction to CPR and First Aid

State Standard 16) Understand principles of and successfully perform skills related to Emergency Medicine, incorporating rubrics from the American Heart Association or American Red Cross for the following: a. Basic First Aid care of bleeding and wounds b. Basic First Aid care for burns c. Basic First aid for bone and joint injuries

Objectives Students will be able to… Identify the importance of knowing how to perform CPR Identify scenarios that require the use of CPR Assess a victim for the need for CPR

Life is Why Introduction Video “Life is Why” –AHA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fSLvlsV3JyQ Quick Write Activity: 3 minutes Take a moment and complete your “Life is Why” activity sheet. Write a specific reason why you would want to learn CPR and First Aid in the blank In 2 sentences explain why you chose that reason. Be prepared to share with the class. I will now share my “life is why” statement. My family is why, by this point in your life, I am sure that most of you have unfortunately been touched in someway with the loss of a loved one. I personally chose my family as “why”. Growing up my Grandfather was my best friend and my whole world. 1 week before my tenth birthday, he suffered a major heart attack, there were multiple people present, yet no one did anything, because they were not educated over the simple procedures of CPR. This has always left me wondering if someone had only known, if I would still have my grandfather today. Would anyone like to share their “life is why” reason or story.

Introduction to CPR What does CPR stand for? Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Discussion: Applying your knowledge of body systems and medical terminology, what 2 body systems are we mainly looking at for CPR?

Benefits of Knowing CPR Potentially save a life Some jobs require it Resume builder

Real life Stories of Teenagers Take a couple minutes and read the 2 news articles listed on the class website. These articles are of actual teens who used CPR in the real world. Once you finish reading, think about the discussion questions, then place your answers on the board. Whiteboard Splash questions : What do these 2 stories have in common? Who do you think is most likely to be impacted by cardiopulmonary problems? After analyzing the other students answers, answer this at the bottom of your paper… Explain why an understanding of CPR is so important. Be prepared to share.

Objectives check ***So far we have covered this objective… SWBAT identify the importance of knowing how to perform CPR By show of thumbs, how comfortable are you with this objective?

What is CPR? Manually making the heart pump blood throughout the body. The remaining oxygen in the blood is circulated to the vital organs Artificial breathing can be performed during CPR to increase the amount of oxygen. Discussion: Applying knowledge of the systems of the body, which organ in particular, needs this oxygen the most? Explain what will happen without it.

Compressions A compression is the act of pushing on the chest Compressions must be performed hard and fast. People often don’t push hard enough because they’re afraid of hurting the victim An injury is unlikely, but it is better than death It is better to push too hard than not hard enough CPR has 2 main parts: compressions and giving breaths. Pushing hard and fast on the chest is the most important part of CPR. When you push on the chest, you pump blood to the brain and heart. A compression is the act of pushing on the chest. People often don’t push hard enough because they’re afraid of hurting the victim. An injury is unlikely, but it is better than death. It’s better to push too hard than not hard enough.

Give Breaths Compressions are the most important part of CPR, but combining compressions with rescue breaths increases the chance of survival If you are also able to give breaths, you will help even more Your breaths need to make the chest rise When the chest rises, you know the person has taken in enough air Compressions are the most important part of CPR. If you’re also able to give breaths, you will help even more. Your breaths need to make the chest rise. When the chest rises, you know the person has taken in enough air.

Compressions and Breathing Sequence

When does someone need CPR? Whenever someone’s heart has stopped beating or someone has stopped breathing. Discussion: Explain what will happen to someone’s heart if they were to suddenly stop breathing. What circumstance may cause this?

Signs that CPR is needed Victim is witnessed suddenly collapsing Victim is found unconscious with skin discoloration Victim has an irregular breathing pattern with no pulse. Discussion: When performing a skin assessment on a person in need of CPR, what will their skin color be?

Agonal Breathing Irregular breathing patterns are not effective in providing oxygen These are called Agonal Breaths and can be mistaken for breathing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXQJ4klzSas&list=PL8ki4VuEAntWXxNH-XiXqnRyk08qnnNsX

Examples Determine when CPR is needed in the following examples. 76 year old female who has fallen and is unconscious. She has a weak pulse of 45 and a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute. 35 year old male who has was found beside his vehicle. He has an irregular breathing pattern and cyanosis around the lips. 6 year old girl who is clasping her throat and cannot talk after eating a hamburger.

Objectives Check ***We have now covered 2 of our objectives…. SWBAT Identify the importance of knowing how to perform CPR Identify scenarios that require the use of CPR By show of thumbs, how comfortable are you with identify the need for CPR

Assessing a Victim The very first step to CPR is assessing whether the scene is safe. One of the most crucial, but most often forgotten steps. Discussion: Explain why we should assess the scene for safety before we ever approach a victim.

Assessing a Victim Witnessed vs. Unwitnessed Collapse If unwitnessed… Determine the circumstance Shake and shout at the person Possibly asleep, intoxicated, or on drugs

Assessment Quickly determine the presence of a pulse and breathing at the same time. This should be done for at least 5 seconds but no longer than 10 seconds. Pulse is checked at the carotid artery Breathing is checked by looking for the rise and fall of the chest.

Alone vs. Public If a victim is found in a public place Assess the victim and yell for someone to call 911 and bring an AED If a victim is found and you are alone Assess the victim and immediately begin CPR before you attempt to call 911 or find an AED Discussion: Applying what you have learned so far, explain why would you not take the time to call 911 or get the AED if you are alone

Objectives Check ***We have now covered all of our objectives… SWBAT Identify the importance of knowing how to perform CPR Identify scenarios that require the use of CPR Assess a victim for the need for CPR We will now further explore assessing a victim of the need for CPR through an activity

Activity We will now watch a video clip by the American Heart Association that explains the initial steps to CPR. Pay attention and take notes, you will be performing these assessments on a partner while I observe. Individually click the link to the BLS Algorithm 2015 Update link on the class website. Follow the Algorithm and answer the questions Exit ticket: Individually complete the questions on the next slide. Turn into the basket

Exit ticket Give 2 signs and symptoms that a person is in need of CPR . Where should the pulse of an adult be checked? How long should you check the pulse and breathing of a victim?

Once finished write 2 quality paragraphs over why you personally want to learn CPR, and how it will be applicable to your life. Write this on the back of your “Life is Why” Activity (4 sentences, proper grammar and punctuation)