Hydrosphere and the Water Cycle Ch. 3 Sec. 3

Hydrosphere includes all the water on or near Earth’s surface

Oceans

River

Waterfall

Lakes

The Water Cycle Continuous movement of water into air, onto land, and then back to water sources

Evaporation Process by which liquid is heated by the sun then rises into the atmosphere as water vapor *most evaporates from the ocean

Condensation Water vapor forms water droplets on dust particles Droplets form clouds

Precipitation Water droplets from the clouds collide, stick together, and create larger heavier droplets Rain, Snow, sleet, or hail

Transpiration Plants and animals giving off water from photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Source of Energy Sunlight provides heat for the Water Cycle to occur

Condensation Transpiration Precipitation Evaporation The Clouds form The movement through plants Precipitation The rain falls Evaporation The vapor rises

Water Sources Ocean Water Freshwater (rivers, lakes, glaciers, wetlands) Groundwater

Ocean Water Contains more salts…NaCl Salts come from rocks and volcanic eruptions

Ocean Water Salinity – concentration of salts

Freshwater Only 3% of all water is freshwater on Earth Most locked in glaciers

Groundwater Rain and melting snow sink into the ground and collects Less than 1%

Aquifers Rock layer that stores and allows the flow of groundwater

Water Chemical Properties - Two atoms of hydrogen o + One atom of oxygen