Rethinking Diet to Aid Human–Microbe Symbiosis Muriel Derrien, Patrick Veiga  Trends in Microbiology  Volume 25, Issue 2, Pages 100-112 (February 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.011 Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Targets for Microbiota-Based Solutions to Aid Human–Microbe Symbiosis. The gut microbiota is a source of a wide range of bioactive molecules, converted from the diet and host substrates, that participate in host signalling and metabolism. Dietary and host-derived factors set luminal conditions (redox, pH, carbohydrate and electron acceptor availability) that are important in shaping the gut microbiota. Abbreviations: AHR, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor; GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid; TMA, trimethylamine; CLA, conjugated linoleic acids. Trends in Microbiology 2017 25, 100-112DOI: (10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.011) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Dietary Recommendations Based on the Microbiota, Diet Preference, and the Metabolic and Immune State of Individuals. In the near future, it should be possible to improve the selection of appropriate subjects for inclusion in clinical studies, based on diet, for example, and to improve and predict clinical outcomes by taking the initial state of the microbiota into account and identifying microbiota-based markers correlated with outcome. Trends in Microbiology 2017 25, 100-112DOI: (10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.011) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions