Better anticoagulation control improves survival after valve replacement Eric G. Butchart, FRCS, FESCa, Nicola Payne, MPhilb, Hui-Hua Li, MDb, Keith Buchan,

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Better anticoagulation control improves survival after valve replacement Eric G. Butchart, FRCS, FESCa, Nicola Payne, MPhilb, Hui-Hua Li, MDb, Keith Buchan, FRCSa, Kayapanda Mandana, MDa, Gary L. Grunkemeier, PhDb The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 123, Issue 4, Pages 715-723 (April 2002) DOI: 10.1067/mtc.2002.121162 Copyright © 2002 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 The distribution of ACV data in 1272 patients. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2002 123, 715-723DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2002.121162) Copyright © 2002 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 LRs for late death (>30 days) after AVR by decile of ACV. Decile 1 is 0% to 9.9% ACV, decile 2 is 10% to 19.9% ACV, and so on up to decile 10 (90%-100% ACV). Deciles 1 and 2 have been combined to give one circle, which represents low variability. Deciles 6 to 10 have been combined to achieve a minimum of 200 patient-years. The area of each circle is proportional to the number of patient-years of follow-up in that decile. The circles are color coded according to low (0%-19.9% ACV; light gray), intermediate (20%-29.9% ACV; white), and high (≥30% ACV; dark gray) variability. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2002 123, 715-723DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2002.121162) Copyright © 2002 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 LRs for late death after MVR by decile of ACV. For details, see legend to Figure 2. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2002 123, 715-723DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2002.121162) Copyright © 2002 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Late survival (>30 days) by ACV for AVR. ACV is grouped according to low (0%-19.9% ACV), intermediate (20%-29.9% ACV), and high (≥30% ACV) variability. The numbers above the axis represent the number of patients at risk at 0, 5, and 10 years, respectively, within each ACV group. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2002 123, 715-723DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2002.121162) Copyright © 2002 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Late survival by ACV for MVR. For details, see legend to Figure 4. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2002 123, 715-723DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2002.121162) Copyright © 2002 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Late survival by number of risk factors (both valve positions). Risk factors are diabetes, hypertension, concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, non-sinus rhythm, and high ACV (≥30% ACV). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2002 123, 715-723DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2002.121162) Copyright © 2002 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions