Investigating Matter 2 – Classification of Matter

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Presentation transcript:

Investigating Matter 2 – Classification of Matter Lesson 2 September 23rd, 2010

Classifying Matter All matter is made up of different types or combinations of particles. Different types and combinations of particles give every type of matter particular characteristics, or properties. Characteristic that describes a substance.

Classification Of Matter Pure Substances Element Compound Mixture Mechanical Mixture Suspension Solution

Pure Substances (2) A pure substance is made up of only one kind of matter unique set of properties colour, hardness, boiling point, and melting point. A pure substance is either an element (gold) or a compound (sugar).

Element A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by chemical means. Each element has its own name and symbol. Example: Gold (Au)

Compound A pure substance that is made from two or more elements that are combined together chemically. Example, water (H2O) is a compound containing the elements hydrogen and oxygen.

Mixtures (3) A mixture is a combination of pure substances. Each substance remains in its original, pure form, although each is not always easy to see distinctly once the mixture is made.

Mechanical Mixture (heterogeneous mixture) Different substances that make up the mixture are visible Hetero = different

Suspension A cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substance are held within another. Can be separated out when the mixture is poured through filter paper. A suspension is also a heterogeneous mixture.

Solution (homogeneous mixture) Different substances that make it up are not individually visible One substance is dissolved in another The prefix “homo-” means same, and all parts of a homogeneous mixture look the same.

Quick Questions 1. How is a compound different from an element? Give an example of each. 2. What is the difference between a mixture and a pure substance? 3. How is a suspension different from a solution? 4. Classify each of the following as either a pure substance or a mixture. (a) Pop is composed of water, sugar, and carbon dioxide. (b) Carbon dioxide is composed of carbon and oxygen chemically combined. (c) Sand is composed of white grains and black grains. (d) The graphite at the centre of a pencil is composed of carbon.

LAB Be Careful