Gary R. Bachula Vice President for External Relations, Internet2 Internet2 Overview Gary R. Bachula Vice President for External Relations, Internet2 This is a general overview presentation about Internet2. Internet2 is a consortium, led by US universities, which is recreating the partnership among academia, industry and government that fostered today’s Internet in its infancy.

Internet2 Universities 188 Universities as of November 2001 This is the latest map of Internet2 universities. Each Internet2 university commits to providing the high performance networking on their own campus, connecting to a high-performance backbone network, and supporting advanced applications development on their own campus. 2/24/2019

Internet2 Corporate Partners 3Com Advanced Network & Services Alcatel AT&T Cisco Systems IBM Intel Corporation ITC^Deltacom Lucent Technologies Microsoft Nortel Networks Qwest Communications SBC Communications Spirent Communications WorldCom This is the latest list of Internet2 Corporate Partners. Corporate partners have committed to providing over US$1million in support of collaborations with Internet2 universities. 2/24/2019

Internet2 Affiliate Members Alabama Supercomputer Authority Alliance for Higher Education Army Systems Engineering Office Assn. Of Univs. For Research in Astronomy Bradley University CERN NOAA, NIST, NTIA – Boulder Labs DePaul University Desert Research Institute EDUCAUSE Ellemtel ERIM EROS Data Center (USGS) Howard Hughes Medical Institute Jet Propulsion Laboratory Merit Network, Inc. Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA) Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA) National Institutes of Health NOAA National Science Foundation New World Symphony NYSERNet, Inc. Southeastern Universities Research Assn Southwest Research Institute Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation UCAR & NCAR 2/24/2019

Internet2 Mission Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet. This is the Internet2 mission. 2/24/2019

Internet2 Goals Re-create leading edge Research & Education network capability Enable new generation of applications Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet These are the three primary goals of Internet2. 2/24/2019

Internet Development Spiral Commercialization Privatization Today’s Internet This spiral represents one way of looking at the development of the Internet. As the Internet moved from a research project to a commercial service, a set of partnerships fostered its development. During this process, the Internet grew in a number of ways: size, complexity, bandwidth, etc. Internet2 is forming the partnerships needed for technologies in a second cycle of innovation make their way into the commercial Internet. Internet2 Research and Development Partnerships 2/24/2019 Source: Ivan Moura Campos

Abilene Network Core Map, October 2001 2/24/2019

Abilene International Peering 22 August 2001 Abilene International Peering SEA/SNNAP AARNET, CA*net3 (TANET2, TransPAC) CHICAGO/STAR TAP APAN/TransPAC, Ca*net3, CERN, CERnet, GEMnet, IUCC, KOREN/KREONET2, MIRnet, NORDUnet, RENATER, SURFnet, SingAREN, SINET, TAnet2 (ANSP, RNP2) OC12 NYCM BELNET, CA*net3, HEANET, JANET, NORDUnet, SURFnet, TEN-155* SNVA GEMNET, SingAREN, WIDE (SINET) LOSA SINET, UNINET CALREN2 CUDI OC3 AmPATH REUNA, RNP2 (RETINA) UT El Paso CUDI 2/24/2019 * ARNES, CARNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, HEAnet, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS

Internet2 GigaPoPs 28 as of October 2001 These are the location of the Internet2 gigaPoPs. 2/24/2019

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Download of “The Matrix” DVD (Comparison of the Internet2 Land Speed Record) 2/24/2019

Middleware A layer of software between the network and the applications Authentication Identification Authorization Directories Security Middleware is a layer of software between the network and applicaitons 2/24/2019

Engineering Quality of Service: QBone Scalable IP Multicast IPv6 http://www.internet2.edu/qbone/ Scalable IP Multicast http://www.internet2.edu/multicast/ IPv6 Network Security Network Management Measurement These are some of the new network capabilities that advanced networks will need to implement and which the Internet2 community is working on. 2/24/2019

Advanced Applications Distributed computation Virtual laboratories Digital libraries Distributed learning Digital video Tele-immersion All of the above in combination Advanced applications com in many flavors, and those flavors can be combined. Advanced applications share the characteristic that they require advanced network capabilities to work—they either don’t work at all, or won’t work well on today’s Internet. Enabling advanced applications is at the heart of Internet2. 2/24/2019

Virtual Laboratories Space Physics & Aeronomy Research Collaboratory (SPARC) University of Michigan NSF Here are pictures of various applications already in use: 1) the Upper Atmosphere research Collaboratory (UARC) developed at the University of Michigan--allows researchers access to data from instruments in Greenland w/o having to travel there, and allows them to discuss and interact in real time. This applications allows access to broader audience, including the second-order affect of enabling graduate students (who would never have been able to go to Greenland) to look in on research. 2&3) Pictures of a the output from a scanning electron microscope--allows access to expensive, specialized equipment by students--allows them to control in the microscope and see the output as if they were in the same room --These both require advanced network capabilities to work--either don’t work, or won’t work well on today’s internet. 2/24/2019

Virtual Laboratories Real-time access to remote instruments University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Distributed nanoManipulator This is an application which allows remote control of an electron microscope that can actually move molecules around. The application also provides “force feed-back” to the remote operator. 2/24/2019

Virtual Laboratories Mauna Kea Observatories AURA University of Hawaii Here are pictures of various applications already in use: 1) the Upper Atmosphere research Collaboratory (UARC) developed at the University of Michigan--allows researchers access to data from instruments in Greenland w/o having to travel there, and allows them to discuss and interact in real time. This applications allows access to broader audience, including the second-order affect of enabling graduate students (who would never have been able to go to Greenland) to look in on research. 2&3) Pictures of a the output from a scanning electron microscope--allows access to expensive, specialized equipment by students--allows them to control in the microscope and see the output as if they were in the same room --These both require advanced network capabilities to work--either don’t work, or won’t work well on today’s internet. 2/24/2019

Real-Time Tele-Operation of Remote Equipment North Carolina State University Computerized excavation backhoe Remotely operated, used in hazardous situations. Quality of Service is Guaranteed Tele-vator is a computerized excavation backhoe that can be remotely operated over Internet2 high-performance networks. Because of its size and potential criticality of operation (e.g., in hazardous rescue situations), Tele-vator requires a high-level of sophisticated two-way feedback, including adequate depth of vision provided via high-definition stereovision. Guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS)—such as network bandwidth, latency (delay) control, and jitter (variability in delay) control—are essential to ensure the quality of the 3D image, audio, and equipment control channels required by Tele-vator’s remote operators. http://CARL.ce.ncsu.edu/ 2/24/2019

Teaching Music with Advanced Network Videoconferencing University of Oklahoma Real-time interaction with the world’s foremost master teachers of music Accurate representation of sound Supplement to traditional music teaching By using videoconferencing over high-performance networks, students in Oklahoma can interact, in real-time, with some of the world’s foremost master teachers of instrumental music. Music faculty have the opportunity to extend their teaching worldwide and to collaborate remotely with colleagues anywhere. Internet2 provides sufficient bandwidth and minimal network delay to allow the type of full-motion (30-frames per second) video and accurate representation of sound that make it feasible for classical musicians to collaborate from remote locations. This technology will never replace live, in-person music teaching; but serves as a supplement to the traditional music-teaching environment. http://music.ou.edu/internet2/ 2/24/2019

Recording Studio that Spans a Continent McGill University Twelve uncompressed high-quality audio channels streamed over Abilene and CA*net3 Engineers mixed the recording in LA The Recording Studio that Spans a Continent demonstrated, for the first time, how 12 uncompressed high-quality audio channels could be streamed over Internet2’s Abilene network and CA*net3 in Canada to create a live recording and 5.1 surround sound mix for the local audience in Los Angeles. On 23 September 2000, the McGill Jazz Orchestra played in Redpath Hall at McGill University in Montreal, while engineers were mixing the recording in the Norris Theatre at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. MPEG-2 broadcast quality video of the orchestra was transmitted over the same Internet link as the audio, allowing audience members in Los Angeles to watch the performance on a large screen. http://ww2.mcgill.ca/icc/canarie/ 2/24/2019

Virtual Aneurysm University of California at Los Angeles A simulation and virtual reality visualization of brain blood flow Researchers examine critical flow pattern and evaluate simulated surgical interventions The Virtual Aneurysm is a simulation and virtual reality visualization of brain blood flow. Using a software system that will be able to accurately model an aneurysm imaged using x-ray computed tomographic angiography (CTA), a doctor can visualize the aneurysm in a virtual reality environment, predict its future behavior, and gain insight into the type of treatment needed. Cutting planes and stream lines tools can to be used to examine the pressure, fluid velocity, and shear forces of the aneurysm. Researchers are working to improve the accuracy of blood flow simulations, and on the development of intelligent tools to enable doctors to more easily visualize critical flow patterns and to evaluate simulated surgical interventions. Internet2 high-performance networking provides the advanced capabilities (high-bandwidth and low delay) necessary to enable the remote visualization and navigation of multi-terabyte virtual aneurysm simulations stored on a high-performance server at UCLA. http://www.cs.ucla.edu/~dalee/radsci/ 2/24/2019

Realistic, Life-Sized, 3D Tele-Immersion Advanced Network & Services, Brown University, University of North Carolina, University of Pennsylvania Brings together geographically distant participants and shared virtual objects Tele-immersive recreation of office environment The Tele-Immersion Project is working to bring together geographically distant participants in a realistic, tele-immersive recreation of their real environments. Project collaborators envision an Office of the Future where computer vision, networking, and computer graphics techniques are used to capture a dynamic 3D model of one office—including walls, furniture, objects, and people—and then re-create a virtual representation in a similarly-equipped remote office. The Internet2 networks offer a high-performance testbed for this research, which demands high bandwidth and low latency to support real-time interaction between remote users and shared virtual objects. http://www.cs.unc.edu/Research/stc/office/ 2/24/2019

End-to-End Performance Initiative The Problem High-bandwidth network links don’t guarantee high-performance networking The Vision Users routinely obtain optimal performance from the available network infrastructure 2/24/2019

End to End Performance Focus Areas Applications Host Computer and Operating Systems The Network Operational Support 2/24/2019

End-to-End (e2e) Performance Initiative Human to Human Collaboration Experience User perception EYEBALL Application CORE APP Operating system Host IP stack STACK Host network card Local Area Network (LAN) JACK Campus backbone network Campus connection to regional network/GigaPoP GigaPoP connection to Internet2 national backbone International connections 2/24/2019

Sponsored Education Group Participants – Approved, Oct 2001 2/24/2019

Sponsored Education Group Participants – Applied, Oct 2001 2/24/2019

Sponsored Education Group Participants – Inquiries, Oct 2001 2/24/2019

Sponsored Education Group Participants – Other Possible 2/24/2019

Internet2 Member Meeting Attendance 2/24/2019

Virtual Internet2 Member Meeting, October 2-5, 2001 received 7,494 Unique Visitors to the VIMM website (DHCP not included) delivered 386 max simultaneous streams across 5 unique video streaming technologies (11 streams were used) had over 40 Participation Sites across the United States …all built in 10 days! 2/24/2019

Network of the Future: New Abilene Agreement, Oct. 2001 Abilene partnership with Qwest extended through 2006 Backbone to be upgraded to 10-Gbps in three phases by late 2003 Capability for flexible wavelength () provisioning in support of future experimentation in optical networking Overall approach to the new technical design and business plan is for an incremental, non-disruptive transition 2/24/2019

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