Volume 88, Issue 2, Pages 350-359 (August 2015) Parathyroidectomy and survival among Japanese hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism  Hirotaka Komaba, Masatomo Taniguchi, Atsushi Wada, Kunitoshi Iseki, Yoshiharu Tsubakihara, Masafumi Fukagawa  Kidney International  Volume 88, Issue 2, Pages 350-359 (August 2015) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2015.72 Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Study profile. PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTx, parathyroidectomy. Kidney International 2015 88, 350-359DOI: (10.1038/ki.2015.72) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 HRs (and 95% CIs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality according to categories of intact PTH levels and history of PTx, using crude, case-mix-adjusted, and multivariable-adjusted Cox models. (a) All-cause mortality. (b) Cardiovascular mortality. The case-mix-adjusted analysis included the following variables: age, sex, duration of dialysis, and primary cause of renal failure. The multivariable-adjusted analysis included the case-mix variables plus BMI, history of CVD (myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and amputation), Kt/V, nPCR, serum albumin, calcium, phosphorus, CRP, dialysate calcium, and use of VDRAs. *P<0.05. BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; CRP, C-reactive protein; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio; Kt/V, dialysis adequacy; nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTx, parathyroidectomy; R, reference; VDRA, vitamin D receptor activator. Kidney International 2015 88, 350-359DOI: (10.1038/ki.2015.72) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Distribution of serum levels of intact PTH, calcium, and phosphorus among patients who had undergone PTx and those who had not undergone PTx in the propensity score–matched cohort. (a) Intact PTH levels. (b) Serum calcium levels. (c) Serum phosphorus levels. PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTx, parathyroidectomy. Kidney International 2015 88, 350-359DOI: (10.1038/ki.2015.72) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Kaplan–Meier analysis of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the propensity score–matched cohort comparing patients who had undergone PTx with those who had not undergone PTx. (a) All-cause mortality. (b) Cardiovascular mortality. CV, cardiovascular; PTx, parathyroidectomy. Kidney International 2015 88, 350-359DOI: (10.1038/ki.2015.72) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Causes of death and HRs (and 95% CIs) for cause-specific mortality in the propensity score–matched cohort comparing patients who had undergone PTx with those who had not undergone PTx. CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PTx, parathyroidectomy. Kidney International 2015 88, 350-359DOI: (10.1038/ki.2015.72) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Stratified HRs (and 95% CIs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the propensity score–matched cohort comparing patients who had undergone PTx with those who had not undergone PTx. BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HR, hazard ratio; PTx, parathyroidectomy; VDRA, vitamin D receptor activator. Kidney International 2015 88, 350-359DOI: (10.1038/ki.2015.72) Copyright © 2015 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions