Technical challenges in totally endoscopic robotic coronary artery bypass grafting J. Bonatti, MD, T. Schachner, MD, N. Bonaros, MD, A. Öhlinger, MD, M. Danzmayr, P. Jonetzko, MD, G. Friedrich, MD, C. Kolbitsch, MD, DEAA, P. Mair, MD, G. Laufer, MD The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 131, Issue 1, Pages 146-153 (January 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.07.064 Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Severity level of different surgical problems during totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting on the arrested heart. Levels are depicted as means ± standard deviation. LITA, Left internal thoracic artery. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 146-153DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.07.064) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions