After WWII: Immediate Effects

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Presentation transcript:

After WWII: Immediate Effects

Devastation of Europe Casualties: Destroyed towns and landscape Europe: 40 million (2/3 civilians) American: 310,000 USSR: 14 million Japan: 1.14 million Destroyed towns and landscape Warsaw, Berlin Destroyed agricultural land Leads to famine and disease Displaced peoples Jews, survivors, refugees, POWs

Postwar Government and Politics Communist Party Promises change in nations with fractured governments France, Italy Leads to violent protests People begin to vote against communists

Nuremberg Trials 1945-46: 23 nations (International Military Tribunal) put war criminals on trial 22 Nazi leaders charged with waging war of aggression and committing crimes against humanity Murder of 11 million people (Holocaust) Hitler, Himmler (SS Chief), Goebbels (Propaganda) had committed suicide prior to trials Goring (Luftwaffe), Hess, etc still alive for trials Hess sentenced to life in prison, Goring gets death sentence but commits suicide Executed bodies burned at Dachau

Postwar Japan Tokyo, Nagasaki, Hiroshima are wastelands General Douglas MacArthur Demilitarization (disband Japanese military) War trials Democratization (create government elected by people) Accepted by Japanese on 5/3/47 Emperor no longer divine, now a figurehead 2 house parliament (Diet), led by prime minister All people over 20 have right to vote Redistributes land to poor peasants from large landowners Peace Treaty between Japan, US, and 47 nations (9/51) Because Japan cannot have army, the US stays to protect Creates alliance between US and Japan