Aim: How did nationalism affect the Middle East? Do Now: Which one of these figures do you think would most likely be supported by the West?

In the ancient world, the land that would become known as Iran was known as Persia.

officially known as Iran. In 1935, the land became officially known as Iran.

oil had attracted the British and Iran was rich in oil and oil had attracted the British and the Russians.

In fact, the British and Russians had divided Iran into spheres of influence in 1907.

The U.S. also became increasingly interested in Iran after the Second World War.

In 1953, the U.S. and Great Britain helped overthrow the Prime Minister of Iran.

Prime Minister, Mohammed Mossaddegh, was not openly hostile to the Communists.

And during the Cold War, the Prime Minister’s views were considered a threat to American interests.

nationalized the oil fields, By the time, Mossadegh nationalized the oil fields, the C.I.A. took action and removed him from power.

In the Prime Minister’s place, Shah Reza Pahlavi was installed as the new leader of Iran.

Westernization and secularism. The Shah encouraged Westernization and secularism.

The Shah cracked down on dissenters.

But the Shah was unpopular and an opposition movement led by Ayatollah Khomeini became very popular.

By 1979, the Shah had been ousted, Americans had been taken hostages in Iran, and the Ayatollah came to power.

An Islamic fundamentalist government was established.

In this fundamentalist, Islamic theocracy, women were forced to cover their bodies and were segregated from men in public.

assembly were restricted. Freedom of speech and assembly were restricted.

protests erupted in Iran After the 2009 elections, protests erupted in Iran for democracy.

But protesters were harshly punished.

Yes, the history of Iran is a history of many changes.

Questions for Reflection? Who controlled Iran prior to WWII? Why were the US and Iran attracted to each other? Who was Mossadegh? Why was he removed from office? Why was the shah chosen to rule Iran? How did Iran transform into an Islamic Fundamentalist state? What are the Characteristics of this type of regime?