Mitosis and Meiosis Summary

Cell Reproduction Summary Prokaryotic Cell Reproduction Binary Fission Conjugation Eukaryotic Cell Reproduction (reproduction of the nucleus) Mitosis Meiosis After mitosis and meiosis occur then the cell itself divides and this is called cytokinesis http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Mitosis The division of eukaryotic cells The goal of mitosis is to produce two cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, meaning the new cells have exactly the same DNA as the parent cell. Fore example, mitosis happens when you grow. http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Meiosis The division of eukaryotic cells The goal of meiosis is to produce sperm or eggs cells, also known as gametes. The resulting gametes are NOT genetically identical to the parent cell. The new cells have only half of the parent cell’s This is necessary so that when a sperm and an egg combine at fertilization, the resulting zygote has the correct amount of DNA. The zygote then begins to divide through mitosis. http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

Cell Cycle (Mitosis)

Cell Biology (Mitosis) All living organisms are composed of cells. Cells divide to increase their numbers through a process of mitosis, which results in two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes.

Cell Cycle 6 phases Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis Phases of Mitosis

The Complete Cell Cycle

Chromosome Structure Centromere

Chromosome Structure So 1 chromatid + 1 chromatid = 1 Chromosome

Interphase THE CELL: grows to it’s mature size makes a _____ of its DNA prepares to _______ into two cells Copy Divide

The DNA condenses

Prophase the nucleus breaks down Chromatin the __________ condenses (gets thicker) to form chromosomes, which are two chromatids attached by a ____________. _______ fibers stretch out to opposite ends of the cell the nucleus breaks down Centromere Spindle

Metaphase the __________ line up in the middle of the cell spindle fibers attach to the __________ of the chromosomes Chromosomes Centromere

Anaphase ____________ split and the chromatids separate Centromeres ____________ split and the chromatids separate chromatid to opposite ends of the cell being pulled by the ___________ the cell begins to become stretched out Spindle Fibers

Telophase the __________ reappears – two nuclei but one cell chromosomes begins to loosen up (start to become string again) Nucleus

Cytokinesis the cell divides and two new ___________ cells are formed chromosomes loosen up and become chromatin again Daughter

PMAT (1)Prophase (2)Metaphase (3)Anaphase (4)Telophase Interphase 1 2 Cytokinesis