End & Effects of the French Revolution and Napoleon

France after the Revolution Following 2nd exile of Napoleon: King Louis XVIII (Louis XVI’s brother) King Charles X (another brother) King Louis-Philippe I (a cousin) 1848 – a Paris mob overthrew the King Louis-Philippe and established a republic The new government was weak and fighting broke out in the cities In late 1848 a constitution was created and Louis-Napoleon (the nephew of Napoleon) was elected president

The Congress of Vienna 8 month meeting held following Napoleon’s defeat The goal was to restore stability and peace across entire European continent The countries at the meeting included: Austria, Prussia (Germany), Russia, France and Britain Led by Austrian foreign minister Metternich – he distrusted democracy

Goals of the Congress of Vienna Redrew the map of Europe to keep France “contained” (boundaries were redrawn without any consideration for national cultures) Restore the Monarchs in Europe as a way of stabilizing the region 3. Created a wartime Alliance (come to each others aid when peace was threatened) between Austria, Russia, Prussia, Great Britain, France – called the “Concert of Europe”

Nationalism Napoleon & French Revolution led to a rising sense of Nationalism (A strong feeling of pride and devotion to one’s country – not necessarily the government of that country) Only France, England & Spain were officially nation-states in 1815 – other countries wanted the status & independence – or a new form of government The desire to have nation-state status led to political revolutions throughout the world (ex: Latin America, Greece, Italy) – all inspired by the French Revolution…

French Revolution Ideas Spread to other Countries Fair taxation (no feudal privileges) Equality People govern themselves (democracy) Inalienable rights Rejection of the divine right Freedom of the press Government protects rights of people These ideas inspire revolutions in other countries: Example: - Simon Bolivar successfully leads fight for independence in South America (most countries were colonies of Spain) - he was inspired by Enlightenment ideas and the American & French Revolutions