The Collapse of Reconstruction

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Presentation transcript:

The Collapse of Reconstruction Section 12.3

Opposition to Reconstruction Ku Klux Klan Founded as a Confederate veterans’ group Turned into a terrorist organization Goal: Restore white supremacy in the South

Opposition to Reconstruction Ku Klux Klan (continued) Tactics Used intimidation and violence to keep African Americans from voting Intimidate whites who supported African Americans Attempted to reinstate Democratic political power in the South

Opposition to Reconstruction Enforcement Act: Federal supervision of elections in South Use federal troops where KKK is active Declared unconstitutional in 1872

Opposition to Reconstruction Amnesty Act Gave the right to vote and to hold office back to former Confederate generals and officials. Severely weakened Republican power.

Scandals and Crises Hurt Republicans Grant’s Presidency Grant is politically inexperienced Many of his appointees are dishonest and corrupt Three of his appointees were proven to have taken bribes Liberal Republicans opposed Grant Weakened unity and power of Republicans

Economic Turmoil Panic of 1873 Created by over-investments Railroad companies 89 of 364 declare bankruptcy 18,000 business fail in 2 years and unemployment rose to 14% 5 year economic depression Less concern with racism in south

Democrats “Redeem” the South Redemption: Democrats regain control of state legislatures in the South Election of 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican) loses popular vote but Republicans in the Senate award him the electoral votes needed for a victory. 184/165 (20 disputed votes)

Democrats “Redeem” the South Compromise of 1877 Democrats in the House of Representatives must approve Hayes in exchange for an end of federal supervision.