Notes Science SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Learning Intention: Identify the basic properties of acids. Purpose: to understand that many common substances contain acid (including items that we eat and drink) Success Criteria I will show that I understand this topic by earning a 90 or higher on the quiz. I Can Statement By the end of this unit I will be able to say... ...I can describe three or more properties of acids

Acids neutralize bases and bases neutralize acids Acid Properties An acid is any compound that increases the number of positive hydronium ions when dissolved in water. Note: An hydronium ion is an hydrogen atom that has lost an electron and has therefore become positively charged. Acids have a sour flavor The sour taste of lemons, limes, and other citrus fruits is a result of citric acid. Acids neutralize bases and bases neutralize acids Acids conduct electricity and are used in batteries

Yummy! Notes Acids SPI 0807.9.12 Memory Trick Acids and Bases Acids and Hydronium SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Notes Acids Acids are found in popular foods such as oranges, soft drinks, and tomatoes (think pizza, lasagna and spaghetti). So think of acids as hydroniYUM because acids go with hydronium ions. Yummy!

This flask contains bromothymol blue. color changes to yellow. Acids Change Colors in Indicators Examples of Indicators: litmus paper cabbage juice phenolphthalein bromothymol blue This flask contains bromothymol blue. When acid is added, the color changes to yellow.

Litmus paper- is a common acid/base indicator blue litmus paper turns red in acids

Acids Review Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Fill in the blanks using the following words red, hydronium, acids, compound, sour 1) An acid is any ____________that increases the number of _____________ions. 2) Acids have a _______ flavor. 3) _________ neutralize bases. 4) Blue litmus paper turns ______ in acids. compound hydronium sour Acids red Acids

Notes Acids SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Acids react with some metals Acid Properties (continued) Notes Acids Acids react with some metals Acids react with some metals to produce hydrogen gas. Example: hydrochloric acid with zinc metal Acids conduct electric current Example: found in automobile (car and truck) batteries

Acids Review Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases metals ions Fill in the blanks using the following words ions, electricity, metals 1) Acids react with some ________. 2) _____ are formed during chemical reactions when electrons are lost or gained 3) Acids conduct ___________. metals ions electricity BONUS QUESTION How is an ion different from an atom? Ions are positive or negative, but atoms have no charge. Otherwise, atoms and ions look nearly identical

The pH scale (pH=power or potential of hydrogen) pH scale: measures acidity or basicity (A.K.A. Alkalinity). (tells you how strong or weak acids and bases are) Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale 7 is neutral (pure water is 7) Acids are 0 to 6.9

More About the pH scale Again…acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale The lower the number…the stronger the acid In other words, an acid with a pH of 1 is stronger than an acid with a pH of 5 pH 1 is stronger than pH 5

The pH Scale can be displayed four different ways Ex: Vertical -0 at top and 14 at bottom Ex: Vertical -14 at top and 0 at bottom Ex: Horizontal -0 on the left with 14 on the right Ex: Horizontal -14 on the left with 0 on the right pH Scale Yet the pH ranges stay the same. pH Scale (0 to 6.9 for acids and 7.1 to 14 for bases) pH Scale pH Scale

Acids Review Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Fill in the blanks using the following words 0 to 6.9, True, seven, vinegar, pH scale 1) A __________ shows you how strong or weak an acid or base is (called acidity or basicity/alkalinity). 2) On a pH scale, the range for acids is ________. 3) Neutral substances have a pH of ________. 4) (True or False): An acid with a pH of 2 is stronger than an acid with a pH of 4. ___________. 5) Which substance has greater acidity, pure water or vinegar? __________. pH scale 0 to 6.9 seven True vinegar

F.Y.I.---How are acids used? SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Notes Acids F.Y.I.---How are acids used? Sulfuric acid is (most common) used to make paper, paint, detergents, fertilizers and many other products like batteries Nitric acid is used to make fertilizers, rubber, and plastics. Hydrochloric acid is used to separate metal from their ores. It is also used in swimming pools and in your stomach. Citric acid and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are found in orange juice, grapefruit juice, and tomatoes. Carbonic acid and phosphoric acid are in soft drinks.

Science Video SPI 0807.9.12 Links Acids and Bases Link 01 (1 min 59 sec): Universal Indicator Watch a universal indicator change colors Link 02 (2 min 08 sec): Using Litmus Paper Watch two girls use litmus paper with an acid and then a base Link 03 (2 min 49 sec): Coke can in acid Watch acid dissolve a Coke can Link 04 (1 min 57 sec): Cheeseburger in Acid Watch acid dissolve a McDonalds cheeseburger

Acids Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Litmus paper- is a common acid/base indicator Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Acids blue litmus paper turns red in acids

Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Acids Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale Acid Acid

Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Acids Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale Acids have a sour flavor The sour taste of lemons, limes, and other citrus fruits is a result of citric acid.

Acids Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases A) Clams and Snails can only tolerate pH 4.5 to 5.0 B) The higher the number…the weaker the acid. So 4.5 to 5.5 is decreasing in acidity. Clams & Snails

Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale Questions SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases Acids Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale Acids have a sour flavor The sour taste of lemons, limes, and other citrus fruits is a result of citric acid.