INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION Prepared by Sally McDonald Revised by Tim Corbett
DEFINITION essentially communication is the generating & transmitting of information this is a reciprocal process that consists of the sending and receiving of messages between two or more people
Linear Communication for this to occur you need the following: a source (encoder) a message a channel (or medium, such as the written or spoken word) a receiver (decoder) feedback
Linear Communication
Transactional Model A transactional model expands on the linear model to include the context of communication feedback loops validation
Reciprocal Nature of Interpersonal Communication
Reciprocal Nature of Interpersonal Communication
LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION Intrapersonal: “self-talk” Interpersonal: two or more people interact & exchange messages Small Group: nurses interact with 2 or more individuals (patient care conference, report) Organizational: individuals & groups within organization communicate to achieve established goals
CATEGORIES OF COMMUNICATION Oral Written Nonverbal
PURPOSES OF COMMUNICATION to inquire to inform to persuade to seek mutual understanding
COMMUNICATION GOALS to obtain useful information to demonstrate compassion to develop trust to Aid patient self-understanding to relieve stress to provide information to assist with problem solving skills to encourage acceptance of responsibility to promote independence with activities of daily living
PROMOTING EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION To facilitate communication, it helps to - have a positive attitude - be a good listener - be considerate & courteous
PROMOTING EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION having specific objectives ensuring a comfortable environment allowing for privacy maintaining confidentiality placing the focus on the patient versus focusing on the task
COMMUNICATION IN NURSING Nurses communicate while: Assessing patient care Planning patient care Implementing patient care Evaluating patient care
COMMUNICATION IN NURSING Nurses who communicate clearly with patients get: - more cooperation - more feedback - more clarity
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION The five “Cs” Clear Concise Consistent Correct Courteous
USE OF LANGUAGE Avoid clichés, figures of speech Avoid cute, fancy, trendy words Use specific terms Be aware of multiple definitions Avoid slang/jargon Avoid abbreviations/acronyms Use visual aids
DOMESTIC & INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION be aware of regional differences -research customs of communities -be aware of religious holidays -do not make culturally or religiously-based jokes -do not imitate language or accents -be aware that words can have different meanings to different people
INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL COMMUNICATION Need to consider: Time Zones Holidays Customs Language Clothing