Bellwork: 9/12 Put your phone up Week 9/10-9/14 Explain the difference between monosaccharides and polysaccharides. What are the building blocks of starches? What are the 2 functions of starches?
Today: Unit 2, pt. 3 notes Macromolecules lab
Materials Unit 2 book Macromolecule lab packet
Homework None
Unit 2: Biochemistry Matter Organic Compounds Carbohydrates* Lipids* Proteins* Enzymes* Nucleic Acids Biochemical Reactions Water* Acids* Bases*
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpBAmzQ_pUE Unit 2: Biochemistry
Part III: Macromolecules - Proteins
4 Types of Macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
Proteins Type of Compound Examples Elements Functions Carbohydrates Sugars, Starches Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen Provides energy to cells, stores energy, forms body structures Lipids Fats, oils Stores energy, forms cell membranes, carries messages Proteins Enzymes, antibodies Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur Helps cells keep their shape, makes up muscles, speeds up chemical reactions, carries messages and materials Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen nitrogen, phosphorus Contains instructions for proteins, passes instructions from parents to offspring, helps make proteins
What kinds of foods contain protein?
Proteins Protein: Organic compound made up of small molecules called amino acids Amino Acids = building blocks of proteins 20 different amino acids commonly found in the proteins of living things Small proteins: few hundred AAs Large proteins: thousands of AAs
Structure Polypeptide: long chain of amino acids bound together Proteins consist of 1 or more polypeptide chains with up to 4 levels of structure The different structures give them unique properties Needed to carry out various jobs in living organisms
Functions Proteins play important roles in living things Some proteins help cells keep their shape Some make up muscle tissue
Example - Hemoglobin Function: transport oxygen in blood Shape: “globular” Folded perfectly with binding sites for 4 oxygen molecules
Hemoglobin Has quaternary structure Made of 2 alpha subunits and 2 beta subunits
Think! Proteins have diverse functions. What is it about proteins that allow them to be so diverse?
Important Functions in Human Body Enzymes: proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells Antibodies: proteins that bind to foreign substances such as bacteria and target them for destruction
Macromolecule Building Block(s) Function(s) Proteins
Lab: Proteins
Groups Same groups Go to the numbered lab bench 1 test tube rack, numbered test tubes, papertowel, Biuret’s solution, test tube cleaner!
Amount of Protein 0 = no protein + = a little protein ++ = medium protein +++ = lots of protein
Testing Put 1 dropper (~1mL) full of each food in a separate test tube Use the same order of foods as in the list Put on GOGGLES and leave on until everyone is done with clean up! Add 10 drops of Biuret’s Solution to each Mix each tube for 30 seconds, as instructed Record color change (0 to +++)
Clean Up (-10 points for messy lab) Throw foods in TRASH (NOT SINK) Clean out test tubes w/ test tube brush Leave test tubes upside down to dry Wipe down counters & put materials on cart
WARNING You MUST wear GOGGLES at all times during this lab!
Agenda Get into groups Complete lab Clean up! Conclusion questions