Protists Amoeba proteus Euglena gracilis Pediastrum boryanum https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-6dzU4gOJo Amoeba proteus Plasmodium falciparum Euglena gracilis Paramecium aurelia Pediastrum boryanum

What is a Protist? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOfY26qdbU0 Eukaryote = membrane bound organelles (ex: they have a nucleus)

What is a Protist? Most unicellular, some multicellular

What is a Protist? Autotrophs and heterotrophs

What is a Protist? Most reproduce asexually, some reproduce sexually

What is a Protist? Found in water/moisture Some have a cell wall, some do not Some are considered parasites

What is a Protist? Some have a cell wall, some do not Green Algae

What is a Protist? Some are considered parasites Giardiasis African Sleeping Sickness (or Trypanosomiasis) Protist: Trypanosoma Vector: Tse Tse Fly Statistics: Occurs mostly in sub-saharan africa Symptoms include fever, headaches, pain in joints -followed by a phase when the parasite infects the central nervous system, causing confusion, lack of coordination, and uncontrolled sleepiness. Without treatment, the host will die Giardiasis Protist: Giardia Transmission: Drinking contaminated water (usually outdoor streams and other untreated water) Symptoms: Severe diarrhea and vomitting, the protist takes up residence in the digestive tract. Giardiasis African Sleeping Sickness (Trypanosomiasis)

Asexual Reproduction Binary fission – 1 organism becomes 2 identical organisms

Asexual Reproduction Multiple fission – 1 organism becomes many identical organisms

Sexual Reproduction Conjugation – transfer of genetic material through direct contact Some involve exchange of gametes (sex cells)

How do we classify protists? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zsdYOgTbOk We classify protists based on how they obtain nutrition: Plant-like: autotroph Animal-like: heterotroph Fungus-like: decomposer

Algae Plant-like Protists Autotrophs (photosynthesis) Do not have roots, stems or leaves Algae

DIATOMS Plant-like Protists Unicellular Live in fresh water “Hollow glass boxes” Colorful

EUGLENAS Plant-like Protists Unicellular Live in fresh water Have one eye spot to detect sunlight Can also eat bacteria Have flagella

DINOFLAGELLATES Plant-like Protists Unicellular Live in fresh water Have two flagella One spins Other for propulsion

GREEN ALGAE Plant-like Protists Found in shallow waters Ex: Sea Lettuce

Plant-like Protists BROWN ALGAE Found in arctic waters Ex: Kelp

RED ALGAE Plant-like Protists Grows at greater depths than brown and green algae

Animal-like Protists Heterotrophs Protozoans

CILIATES Animal-like Protists Move using small hairs (cilia) Eat bacteria Reproduce by fission Unicellular 2 nuclei Ex: Paramecium

FLAGELLATES Animal-like Protists Move with one or more flagellum Eat bacteria Unicellular Ex: Giardia

PSEUDOPODS Animal-like Protists Means “false feet” Unicellular Looks like a “blob” Ex: Amoeba

CAN’T MOVE Animal-like Protists Can’t move independently Parasites Ex: Plasmodium which causes Malaria (lives in the bloodstream)

Fungus-like Protists Heterotrophs / decomposers

FUNGUS-LIKE PROTISTS Fungus-like Protists Produce spores for reproduction Ex: slime molds, water molds

Diseases caused by Protists Amebic dysentery Gut infection caused by amoebas http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/monsters-inside-me/videos/the-brain-eating-amoeba/ Trypanosomiasis African “sleeping sickness” Transmitted by tsetse fly http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/monsters-inside-me/videos/african-sleeping-sickness/ Chagas’ disease Transmitted by “kissing bug”

Diseases caused by Protists Leishmaniasis Can be fatal Transmitted by sand flies Giardiasis Transmitted by animal feces in contaminated water Plasmodium Malaria http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/monsters-inside-me/videos/malaria-parasite/

Diseases caused by Protists Diseases caused by protists may be treated with antiprotozoal agents