Solubility Guidelines and Predicting precipitates

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS, CONTINUED. AB + CD AD + CB DOUBLE REPLACEMENT Ions in two compounds change partners Cation of one compound combines with.

Advertisements

Net Ionic Equations mixing ionic compounds. Ionic interactions When you dissolve 2 or more ionic compounds in water some parts of it may react together.

SCH 3U1 1. Solubility of Ionic Compounds 2 All solutes will have some solubility in water. “Insoluble” substances simply have extremely low solubility.

Spontaneous Decompositions n H 2 CO 3 (aq) -> H 2 0 (l) + CO 2 (g) n NH 4 OH (aq) -> H 2 O (l) + NH 3.

1 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Chapter 7. 2 Sodium Reacting with Water.

Solubility Rules and Precipitation Reactions. Not all ionic compounds dissolve! Instead of doing experiments all the time to see which ones will dissolve,

 The ability to dissolve or break down into its component ions in a liquid  Example:  NaCl is soluble  Completely dissolves in water  AgCl is insoluble.

Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions Honors Chemistry Ch 10 (Still)

Aqueous Solutions. Soluble and Insoluble Soluble generally means that more than 1 g of solute will dissolve in 100 mL of water at room temperature. Insoluble.

Precipitates and Solubility

Reactions in Aqueous Solution

IIIIIIIVV Ch. 11 – Chemical Reactions IV. Predicting Products.

Objective:  write a formula equation, complete ionic equation, and net ionic equation that represent a reaction.

Soluble or Insoluble: General Solubility Guidelines Many factors affect solubility so predicting solubility is neither straightforward nor simple. The.

Net Ionic Equations (8-4) Show only the species (atoms/ions) participating in a reaction o Single displacement reaction – exchange electrons o Double displacement.

Predicting solubility. Using the table of solubilities we can now predict which of the products of a double replacement reaction will be insoluble (form.

Precipitation Reactions

Precipitation Reactions

Warm Up Review Classify the type of reaction 1.AgNO 3 + NaCl  AgCl + NaNO PbO 2  2 PbO + O Al + 3 CuSO 4  Al 2 (SO 4 ) Cu Predict.

Ionic Equations Most ionic compound dissociate (or break apart) when dissolved in water to form its component ions For example: NaCl (aq) really looks.

Precipitation Reactions

Net ionic equations Na + Al 3+ S 2– 2Ca 2+ PO 4 3– 3Cl –

Double Displacement Reactions

 Synthesis – 1 product  Decomposition – 1 reactant  Single displacement – 1 element & 1 compound react to produce a different element & a different.

Ions in Aqueous Solution Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (s) Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) Pb 2+ (aq) + 2 NO 3 1– (aq) add water dissociation: Pb 2+ NO 3 1– Pb 2+ NO 3 1– “splitting into.

Precipitation Reactions & Solubility Rules Thursday, February 18 th, 2016.

C. Johannesson Ch. 10 – Chemical Reactions III. Types of Chemical Reactions.

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Chapter 7. Predicting Whether a Reaction Will Occur “Forces” that drive a reaction “Forces” that drive a reaction formation.

Types of Reactions I. Synthesis reactions – have only one product.

Chapter 11 Chemical Reactions 11.3 Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Solubility Rules and Precipitation Reactions

Solubility Guidelines and Predicting precipitates

Chapter 11 Chemical Reactions 11.3 Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Solubility Rules and Precipitation Reactions

Non-redox Reactions/ Double Replacement Reactions

Unit 3: Types of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions.

Types of reactions: Combination, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double Replacement Combustion reaction involves the burning of a compound, usually.

Types of Chemical Reactions

Practice What type of reaction is described by the following equation?

Unit 6 – Lesson 4 Ionic Equations.

Unit 6 – Lesson 4 Ionic Equations.

Net Ionic Equations For precipitates only.

Equation Writing Target--Students should be able to determine the product in a precipitation reaction based upon solubility rules and write the equation.

Topic 9.1 Solutions.

Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Equation Writing Target--Students should be able to determine the product in a precipitation reaction based upon solubility rules and write the equation.

Na and PO4 Iron (III) and Chlorine

4. 2 Continued… Writing Net Ionic Equations Learning Goals: 1

Solubility and Net Ionic Equations

REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

= cations (+) = anions (-) Ions in Aqueous Solution Pb(NO3)2(s)

Precipitation Reactions

Ionic Equations.

Solubility Rules and Net Ionic Equations

4. 2 Continued… Writing Net Ionic Equations Learning Goals: 1

Chemical Reactions.

Chapter 5 Lecture Outline

Chapter 11: Chemical Reactions

Achuta! Do Now… Finish gluing! HW… Read 8.2 #’s 3-7.

Double Replacement Reactions

Chapter 11 Chemical Reactions

Solubility and Precipitation Rules

Aqueous Chemistry.

What happens when you put

Predicting Reactions.

Quiz 5.1 In a chemical equation, “(aq)” means “aqueous”. What does this mean? Balance the following: __Al2O3  __Al + __O2 Write the correct formula for.

Presentation transcript:

Solubility Guidelines and Predicting precipitates Chem 12 Mrs. Kay

Solubility Guidelines Summary of ionic-compounds interactions with water The table breaks down the ionic compound into cation and anions and describes its level of solubility. If it is soluble it will completely break up into its ions. If it is insoluble it will not break up into ions, but remain the same compound.

NO– SO4 2– OH– Cl– Br– I– S 2– C2H3O 2– CO3 2– PO4 3– Na+ K+ NH4+ Ag+ ss - I Al3+ d Ba2+ Ca2+ Co2+ Cu2+ Hg2+ Mg2+ Pb2+ Sr2+ Zn2+ S= soluble ss = slightly soluble I = insoluble d = decomposes in water

Practice: Using your solubility tables from your data booklets, tell me if the following compounds will break up in water, or remain the same. PbCl2 ZnO AgCH3COO KNO3 CaCO3 AlPO4 AgCl ZnCO3 FeSO4 MgCl2 CaS

Mix two aqueous ionic compounds… Two possibilities: Compounds will remain in solution without reacting Compounds will react with one another, producing new products. HOW CAN YOU TELL WHAT WILL HAPPEN?

Double Displacement Reactions WX + YZ  WZ + YX You know its happened if: Forms a precipitate (ions makes an insoluble solid) Forms a gas (ions make a gas product) Forms water (H+ and OH- combine)

In other words… If all the reactants are soluble, even after a replacement has occurred and you have not formed a precipitate, a gas, or water, then no reaction has occurred. It would look like: NH4Cl + ZnSO4  NR NH4+ + Cl- + Zn+2 + SO4-2  when combined it only makes soluble compounds, so no reaction

Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s) Balanced Equation: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)  AgCl(s)+ NaNO3(aq) Ionic Equation: (soluble compounds break up into ions, otherwise stay the same) Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3-(aq) Net Ionic Equation: cancel out spectator ions (ones that are the same on both sides) Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s)