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Definitions Classification- organizing living things into groups based on their similarities Taxonomy- Identifying, classifying, and naming living organisms Species- a group of organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring (this means that the original generation can have grandchildren) Producers- an organism that can make its own food to get nutrients Consumer- organisms that must eat others to get nutrients Decomposer- an organism that breaks down dead organic material to get nutrients (like a fallen tree)

The order of classification from broadest to most specific groups DOMAIN Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species You need a memory maker: Did King Phillip Come Over From Great Spain?

The Scientist for this unit is Carolus Linnaeus He is responsible for the classification system and the naming system we use today.

Scientific Naming Use the genus and species Capitalize the first letter of the Genus Do not capitalize any letters in the species All must be italicized. For abbreviations: Use the first letter of the Genus. It should be capitalized and followed by a period. Use the species with no capital letters. Examples: Scientific name: Tyrannosaurus Rex Abbreviation: T. Rex

Identify similar and different organisms based on classification Look at each level of classification to see where they are different The ones that have the most levels in common are similar The ones that have the least number of levels in common are

Identify similar and different organisms based on classification continued

Identify similar and different organisms based on classification continued

Identify similarities and differences   Organism 1 Organism 2 Organism 3 Organism 4 Organism 5 Kingdom Animalia Eukaryota Plantae Phylum Chordata Protista Anthophyta Class Mammalia Heterokontophyta Dicotyledones Order Carnivora Primates Phaeophyceae Fagales Family Canidae Hominidae Laminariales Fagaceae Genus Canis Homo Macrocystis Quercus Species familiaris lupus sapiens pyrifera rubra From this table, which organisms are the most similar? Why? Organisms 1 and 2 because they are classified the same down to the genus level   2) List the scientific names of the 2 organisms that are most similar: Canis familiaris and Canis lupus 3) Write the abbreviated scientific names of the 2 organisms that are most different: M. pyrifera and Q. rubra

Distinguishing Characteristics DOMAIN Kingdom Distinguishing Characteristics Eukarya   Animalia eukaryotic no cell wall, multi-cellular mobile consumer Plantae Cell wall, mutli-cellular Most not mobile producer Protista Some have cell walls, some do not; multi-cellular and unicellular Some are producers and some are consumers Must live in water Fungi Eukaryotic Cell wall, multi-cellular decomposers immobile Bacteria Eubacteria prokaryotic cell wall, unicellular decomposers, producers, use elements like nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur Live in normal environments-even in you! Eu= (you)bacteria Archaea Archaebacteria Cell wall, unicellular Wide range of sources: organic compounds, sunlight, ammonia, gases Live in extreme environments-very hot, very cold, acidic, basic

Q & A How are archaebacteria and eubacteria similar? Prokaryotic, cell wall, they are unicellular, have more than one food source. How are archaebacteria and eubacteria different? Archaebacteria live in extreme environments, eubacteria live in more normal environments like our body. What kingdoms contain producers? Plantae, protista, and eubacteria Why is the protist kingdom said to be “diverse”? When it comes to obtaining food: some protists act like plants, some act like animals, some act like fungi.

Q & A How are fungi different from plants? plants make their own food fungi decompose (or break down) living matter to get nutrients. What do all organisms in the animal kingdom have in common? They are all are eukaryotic, multicellular, have no cell wall, and they all must consume other organisms. List the three domains and the characteristics of each: Eukarya- cells contain a nucleus, most multicellular Bacteria-cells contain no nucleus, live in normal environments Archaea-cells contain no nucleus, live in extreme environments