APIS Study for ASEAN May 25, 2015 Yeong Ro, LEE lyr@nia.or.kr 이상으로 발표를 마치겠습니다. 경청해 주셔서 감사합니다. Yeong Ro, LEE lyr@nia.or.kr

Overview : ICT of ASEAN 2019-02-24

History of ICT in ASEAN The importance of the information superhighway of the ASEAN region has been constantly emphasized by many international organizations such as ASEAN Community, UN ESCAP, and ITU with specific plans already made. To promote regional cooperation to formulate and implement coherent information and communications technology policies To further develop a regional connectivity environment, regional and sub-regional levels To achieve a seamless regional information and communications space, with particular attention paid to gaps in backbone infrastructure networks Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity (2010) ASEAN ICT Master Plan 2015 (Jan. 2011) ASEAN Broadband Corridor diversity of international connectivity ASEAN Internet Exchange Network ASEAN Single Telecommunications Market ITU’s Global Broadband Targets 2015, Making Broadband Policy Universal Making Broadband Affordable(Less Than 5% of Average monthly Income) Connecting Homes to Broadband Getting People online UN MDG Resolution 64/186(Dec.2009) UN Conference on Sustainable Development(Rio +20) Increase Penetration Improve Affordability Achieve Universal Access ESCAP Resolution 69/10 (May, 2013) ESCAP GA resolution 62/5, 60/252, 64/186, 67/194, 67/195 Mactan Cebu Declaration “Connected ASEAN: Enabling Aspirations” (Nov. 2012) Expert Consultation on the APIS (Manila, Baku, Almaty,Paro,2013~2014) ASEAN Sub-region Global/ Regional 2019-02-24

Common Words in ICT of ASEAN KEY WORDS in ICT COMMON WORDS Diversity of international connectivity Seamless Infrastructure Networks and Backbone, Reliable Network Well balanced Network Fully integrated and coherent mesh configuration; Uniform construction the use of Asian Highway, Trans-Asian railway and power transmission Single uniform network that offers quality-of-service guarantees Missing Links, Cross Border Connectivity Judicious mix of land and sea based fiber optic cables Geo-spatially Balanced Connectivity Regional Internet(IP) Connectivity Low Cost and Broadband Affordability Open Access and Network Neutrality, Policy Universality ASEAN Internet Exchange Network, ASEAN IXPs diversity of international connectivity IP Transit /Peering Cost of Transport back to the primary exchange Heavy Reliance on IXP in advanced countries International Back haul cost Emergency Communications and Resiliency Making Broadband Affordable(Less Than 5% of Average monthly Income) Connecting Homes to Broadband Getting People online Bridge the digital divide within ASEAN Improve Affordability Universal Service Achieve/Universal Access Increase Penetration Open access and non-discriminatory pricing Network neutrality and scalability that allows participation by all stakeholders Single Telecom Market ASEAN Single Telecommunications Market Making Broadband Policy Universal(ITU) Enabling Environment, Capacity building 2019-02-24

Fact Finding by Traffic Measurement 2019-02-24

Traffic Measurement Source Nodes, TEIN Testbed Target Nodes Indonesia Between the source and target node, speed and latency were tested 10 times each. For gathering hop counts and routing distances ‘NetinfoTrace’, an open source software, was used Source Nodes, TEIN Testbed Target Nodes Phnom Penh, Cambodia, ( MekongNet ) Vientaine, Lao PDR, ( Lao Telecom ) Indonesia (AS18007) Jakarta, Indonesia (Telekomunikasi Indo, Biznet, CBN, Qiandra Information ) Malaysia (AS24514) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ( U-Mobile, Maxis ) International Commercial Network) Yangon Myanmar, ( Redlink Communications ) Philippines (AS9821) Manila, Philippines, ( SKY Broadband, Dunham Bush International Bangkok,Thailand Shama Thunder, Internet Thailand PCL, PEA, CS LOX INFO Thailand (AS24475) Hanoi, Vietnam Viettel 2019-02-24

Key Findings – Down Load Speed Big Gap in Down Load Speed was observed among ASEAN countries. Average Down Load Speed was less than 25Mbps. Average 25Mbps Line 2019-02-24

Key Findings – Up Load Speed Average 25Mbps Line 2019-02-24

Key Findings – Latency Big Gap in Average Internet Latency was also observed, more than 100msec in 3 countries, less than 50msec in 2 countries Average 100msec Line 2019-02-24

Key Findings – Relative Routing Distance Higher than 5 times more distance than actual linear distance was observed in 7 of 10 countries Average 5 Line 2019-02-24

Key Findings – Actual Traffic Flows The actual traffic routes among ASEAN countries are unnecessarily long. In some countries, even domestic traffic has to travel long way.. Routing Map TH MM KH MY SG ID BN PH HK US VN LA Indonesia Malaysia Vietnam Cambodia Myanmar Laos Philippines Singapore Brunei [ID] [MY] [VN] [KH] [MM] [LA] [PH] [SG] [BN] 2019-02-24

Summary of Status Quo in ASEAN Region Even though Regional Efforts for ICT Infrastructure in ASEAN region have been undergone, still, high link cost, high transit cost, traffic tromboning, high dependency on submarine cable, and low penetration all influence high price each other in a cycle, which means improving one segment of the cycle will lead to betterment of the rest 2019-02-24

Direction Forward 2019-02-24

Layered Feature of APIS APIS mainly keeps focus on Telecom Transport Network, Internet and Governance for implementation, and then move to e-application and contents e-application IDC, CDN, Platform Policy/Regulation/ Governance - Policy and Regulation Registry, Database Internet - IXP, DNS etc Telecom Transport Network - Submarine/Terrestrial Fiber - Transmission/ L2 Switching A State B Neutral IXPs Content Servers IDC CDN Independent CP Submarine Cable(Sea Based) Terrestrial Fiber(Land Based) Policy Portal 자주색으로 본 프로젝트에 중점 다룰 영역임을 표시 2019-02-24

Direction Seamless Terrestrial Fiber Optic Connectivity and Regional Internet Exchange Network should be considered as key parts of Investment Action Items As-Is To-Be At least one direct land based fiber link to each neighboring country Regional Terrestrial Backbone Network, hybrid mesh and ring Center Node establishment for low cost and reliable delivery of traffics Highly Integrated Transport Backbone - Terrestrial Fiber Network - Coherent Mesh Network Terrestrial Fiber interconnectivity but Some weak or insufficient capacity observed Internet Exchange Network Center Node Establishment Regional, Sub-regional IXPs, Domestic IXPs Dependent on global transit providers Poor direct peering Some countries no peering between domestic ISPs Direct bilateral peering/transit between neighboring states Intra/Inter Regional Transit Nodes Domestic Traffic exchanged domestically 2019-02-24

Transmission Network (Hybrid ring and mesh) [ Item 1] Highly Integrated Transport Backbone To Select regional hub or center nodes for stability and efficiency, geographical location, domestic infrastructure, traffic production amount and easiness of international connectivity are the important factors in deploying Inter/Intra Regional Backbone Transmission Network (Hybrid ring and mesh) Center Nodes Selection 2019-02-24

[Item2] Internet Exchange Network To Establish Neutral IXP centers that are connected by dual ring, aggregate sub regional (South, East, West) traffic, link to Global Transit Points, governing organization for operation and long term cooperation should be required, mixed Euro and US operating model can be considered Intra-regional IXPs IXP Operation Model Inter-Regional IXPs 2019-02-24

Target Components for Investment Telecom Transport Network (L0 ~ L2) Internet (L3 ) Trans-Region CDN (Contents Delivery) Data Center (Contents) Cross-Border Back Bone Feeder/Access Premises/Home IP Network IXP (Gateway) e-Application Wired (Fiber, Copper) Wireless (2G, 3G, 4G, Wifi, WiMax, Satellite..) DNS Private Public Policy/ Regulation/ Governance ... 2019-02-24

Thank You Contact Information Yeong Ro, LEE lyr@nia.or.kr 이상으로 발표를 마치겠습니다. 경청해 주셔서 감사합니다.