France’s Empire -French areas of colonization -St. Lawrence River Valley, -Quebec, - Great Lakes, -Louisiana -Interested in trading not colonizing -better relationship with Indians -English colonists want to expand – but the French and the Indians are in the way!

France’s Empire *Like the 100 years war!! -Indians resist British settlers and ally with French -The French have an old rivalry with Britain -multiple wars fought between French and English in past centuries -1754 - conflict ignites again as French begin building forts near Virginia border *Like the 100 years war!!

French and Indian War -Virginia Gov’t sends George Washington to lead militia against the French -The French and Indian allies won many early battles using: -guerilla warfare – hiding, ambushing, hit and run -Albany Plan of Union colonies debate forming a central government to unite all the colonies

French and Indian War -Albany Plan of Union colonies debate forming central government Ben Franklin publishes “Join or Die” picture in his newspaper -what is this picture showing? -what is it saying about the colonies?

French and Indian War -Virginia Gov’t sends George Washington led militia against the French -The French and Indian allies won many early battles using: -guerilla warfare – hiding, ambushing, hit and run -Albany Plan of Union colonies debate forming central government

French and Indian War -Victory at Quebec finally gave the British control of the region -turning point of the conflict -Treaty of Paris, 1763 -France lost all lands in America (for now)

The French and Indian War = Clarification: The French and Indian War = The French and Indians vs. Great Britain and the Colonists 4 IMPORTANT impacts of the War: 1.) British debt 2.) Colonists experience guerilla warfare 3.) Colonial Confidence – debated forming a union 4.) Proclamation line – colonists resist British law

Problems after the War -Indians in the Ohio Valley revolt against British forts -Indians liked the French, not the British -conflicts were becoming costly for Britain -Proclamation of 1763 stated that colonists could not cross the Appalachian Mtns -Colonists ignored the law and continued to provoke Indians – “my bad!”

Tensions Build -British heavily in debt because of war – need $$ (where will it come from?) -The British Army stayed in the colonies - expensive for Britain, supposed to “protect” colonists -Britain placed trade restrictions and established duties (taxes) on certain products -smugglers avoid paying taxes

Tensions Build -writs of assistance – search warrants issued by British authorities to catch smugglers -Sugar Act – Britain taxed colonists to pay for British troops affected merchants and traders – tax on imports (called a tariff) -protests began against taxation without representation James Otis – “no taxation without representation”

Stamp Act -Parliament passes Stamp Act (Parliament = Great Britain’s Congress/Lawmakers) -placed a direct tax on the colonists – affected everyone -required stamps on all legal documents, newspapers, license, and cards -affected many colonists rich and poor

-Parliament passes Stamp Act -placed a direct tax on the colonists Yo, let me live you? You got no choice! -Parliament passes Stamp Act -placed a direct tax on the colonists -required stamp on all legal documents, newspapers, license, and cards -affected many colonists rich and poor -Quartering Act, 1765 -colonists must provide housing for British troops

Colonial Society -The people in charge tended to be wealthy and educated -They feared disorder and did not trust the masses -So, how might those in charge respond to the Stamp Act? Two Choices: 1.) Side with the British – what would happen? 2.) Side with the Colonists – what would happen?

Resistance -“Sons of Liberty” – a group of colonial protesters Boston Samuel Adams John Adams -no taxation w/o representation -protests and boycotts were organized -Boycott – refusing to buy/use certain things as a form of protest -stamp agents were harassed -law eventually repealed

Resistance -Sons of Liberty Boston Samuel Adams John Adams -no taxation w/o representation -protests and boycotts were organized -stamp agents were harassed -law eventually repealed

Resistance -Sons of Liberty Boston Samuel Adams John Adams -no taxation w/o representation -protests and boycotts were organized -stamp agents were harassed -tar and feathering -law eventually repealed

Townshend Acts -new tax placed on imports such as tea, glass, paper, paint -colonists again reacted with protests and a non-importation agreement -British reacted by sending more troops

Boston Massacre -March 1770 -protests by colonists – throwing snowballs @ British troops -British troops fire on crowd -not sure why -5 colonists killed Crispus Attucks -Most soldiers found not guilty John Adams served as attorney for the soldiers

1.) How do these pictures portray the event? 2.) Who would have drawn/made these? 3.) How might some colonists use this event to their advantage? THE HORRID MASSACRE IN BOSTON, PERPETRATED IN THE EVENING OF THE FIFTH DAY OF MARCH, 1770, BY SOLDIERS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH REGIMENT WHICH WITH THE FOURTEENTH REGIMENT WERE THEN QUARTERED THERE; WITH SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE STATE OF THINGS PRIOR TO THAT CATASTROPHE