Risk factors for noma disease: a 6-year, prospective, matched case-control study in Niger  Denise Baratti-Mayer, MD, Angèle Gayet-Ageron, MD, Stéphane Hugonnet, MD, Patrice François, PhD, Brigitte Pittet-Cuenod, MD, Antoine Huyghe, PhD, Jacques-Etienne Bornand, MD, Prof Alain Gervaix, MD, Denys Montandon, MD, Jacques Schrenzel, MD, Prof Andrea Mombelli, DMD, Prof Didier Pittet, MD  The Lancet Global Health  Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages e87-e96 (August 2013) DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70015-9 Copyright © 2013 Baratti-Mayer et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Examples of noma lesions (A) A 3-year-old-girl with acute noma, showing oedema and necrosis. (B) A 3-year-old boy with acute noma, showing necrosis and important loss of tissue. (C and D) Children with more advanced noma stages showing a well-defined loss of substance. The Lancet Global Health 2013 1, e87-e96DOI: (10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70015-9) Copyright © 2013 Baratti-Mayer et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Noma epidemic curve between Aug 1, 2001, and Oct 31, 2006, in the Zinder region of Niger The Lancet Global Health 2013 1, e87-e96DOI: (10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70015-9) Copyright © 2013 Baratti-Mayer et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Geographical localisation of the study population, Zinder region, Niger, Africa (A) Niger (capital: Niamey) and surrounding African countries. (B) Geographical distribution of noma cases between Aug 1, 2001, and Oct 31, 2006, in the Zinder region of Niger The Lancet Global Health 2013 1, e87-e96DOI: (10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70015-9) Copyright © 2013 Baratti-Mayer et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions