Ch 6 “The Age of Jackson” The Good and Bad of Andrew Jackson Chapter 6 Cornell Notes Mr. Wolf You will be turning these in for a grade.

1824 Election Results don’t copy Election of 1824 Candidate Party Electoral Vote Popular Vote John Quincy Adams (MA) Democratic-Republican 84 115,696 Henry Clay (KY) “ 37 47,136 Andrew Jackson (TN) 99 152,933 William H. Crawford (GA) 41 46,979

The “Corrupt Bargain” No clear winner emerged from the election of 1824 Jackson won the popular vote, but did NOT win the majority of electoral votes because there were 4 candidates. As a result, the House of Representatives had to choose the winner just like in 1800… Since he finished third, Clay was out and he urged the House to vote for Adams. Just like what happened 1800 with Hamilton and Burr

1828 ELECTION (4 Years later) Jackson defeats J.Q. Adams thanks to the changes made in voting requirements. Men are no longer required to own property to vote. This allows “commoners” to vote, and they supported Jackson who stood for the COMMON MAN.

Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860

Andrew Jackson as President . Jacksonian Democracy refers to the belief that all white men are equal, and should have the same opportunities. Spread political power and ensured majority rule. His supporters formed the DEMOCRATIC PARTY

How did Jackson use the “spoils system”? Spoil System--Jackson rewarded many of his political supporters with government jobs in return for their vote or $$. Andrew Jackson is known historically for creating a strong executive branch.

Section 2: Jackson’s Policy toward Native Americans Main Idea: During Jackson’s presidency, Native Americans were forced to move west of the Mississippi River. Why it Matters: This forced removal forever changed the lives of Native Americans in the United States.

Questions for Trail of Tears (Not in order)…. Copy down 1. Whose idea was it to try to get the Native Americans to assimilate to “white culture”? 2. What was the punishment for selling Cherokee land? 3. How did Jackson know Ross and Ridge? 4. Who betrayed the Cherokee and sold their land?

5. Which of the tribes was the first to move west? 6. Where did Chief John Ross take his case to? 7. Who betrayed the Cherokee and sold their land? 8. Where did some of the Cherokee escape and hide? 9. What happened to Major Ridge IN THE END?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBepOqPC2eo 108:42

The 5 “Civilized Tribes” The Cherokee, Chocktaw, Seminole, Creek, and Chickasaw Indians were called the 5 Civilized tribes because they were adapting to “White Ways”

GOLD and Greed In 1827 gold was discovered on Cherokee land in Georgia. One year after the Cherokee wrote their own Constitution based on the U.S. Jackson supported the white claim to Cherokee land.

Indian Removal Act President Jackson pushes Congress to force Indians to move west of the Mississippi. Congress passes Indian Removal Act 1830 allows them to force Indians off their land in the east. Congress established Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) as the new Indian homeland

Cherokee Indians Adopted culture of whites - wrote and spoke English Had own written language and newspaper Based their government on the U.S. Constitution

Cherokee Sue For Land Cherokee sued the government of Georgia for taking their land Worcester vs. Georgia - Supreme Court rules Georgia’s actions are illegal and that the Cherokee can stay

“Chief Justice John Marshall has made his decision “Chief Justice John Marshall has made his decision. Now let him enforce it.” President Andrew Jackson What is the job of the Supreme Court? To determine if laws passed by Congress are Constitutional…. (Judicial Review) What is the job of the President? Enforce the laws passed by Congress. What should happen if a government official refuses to do his job? They should be impeached!!!

Marching to Oklahoma…. In one of the saddest episodes of our brief history. Men, women, and children were taken from their land, with minimal supplies then forced to march 1000 miles TO Indian Territory in OK

The Trail Where They Cried The journey itself became known as "The Trail of Tears“ About 4,000 of the 16,000 Cherokee died on the 116 day trip.

· Thousands of Cherokees died on the journey, which became known as the “Trail of Tears”. “I fought through the War Between the States and have seen many men shot, but the Cherokee Removal was the cruelest work I ever knew.” - Georgia soldier who participated in the removal ”

Trail of Tears

CH. 6 SECTION 3 OBJECTIVES To identify the issues that led to rising sectional differences To explain how the "Tariff of Abominations" led to a crisis over nullification To analyze the issues in the debate over states' rights To describe how South Carolina's threat to secede was resolved

Tariff of Abominations- The Tariff of 1828 raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods, which protected our Northern industry. The South declared the tariff as economically unfair because they relied heavily on imported goods which were now more expensive. The Doctrine of Nullification comes into play as a result of the tariff….

Issues that lead to sectional differences The main two issues that lead to sectional (NORTH-SOUTH) differences were: 1. The issue of slavery 2. States rights and Nullification

States’ Rights Issue Vice President John Calhoun was in favor of States’ Rights. He came up with the idea of Nullification Nullification Theory: States can nullify (get rid of) federal laws that they think are unconstitutional. South Carolina nullified the Tariff and threatened to secede.

The Nullification issue A compromise was reached in 1833 to keep South Carolina from seceding by “The Great Compromiser” Henry Clay. They lowered the tariff.

Martin Van Buren replaced him. Vice President John C. Calhoun Calhoun was Jackson’s Vice president until he resigned in 1832 because of the states rights issue. Martin Van Buren replaced him. John C. Calhoun

Webster – Hayne debate Robert Hayne (SC) – Believed The U.S. was made up of separate states that could nullify federal laws. (state’s rights) Vs. Daniel Webster (MA) – Only the Supreme Court could declare a law unconstitutional not the states. He believed in federal authority. Robert Hayne Daniel Webster

Ch 6 CORNELL NOTES CONTINUED Objectives* 1. To explain why conflict erupted over the Second Bank of the United States 2. To describe how Jackson destroyed the bank 3. To analyze how economic prosperity turned into depression

National Bank Issue The President of the U.S. bank wanted to renew the charter for the bank Jackson vetoed the charter saying that the bank was unfair and favored the rich instead of common people. He withdrew money out of the National Bank and put it in his “pet banks”.

Visual Discovery Justify your answers W/ FACTS!! What do you see? Who is in this cartoon? What is being said about this person? Is it true or untrue? Why? When do you think this was picture was created? Why? What would be a good title for this cartoon? Why?

King Andrew?

Panic of 1837 The Nation was very PROSPEROUS during Andrew Jackson’s Presidency. Andrew Jackson’s “Pet Banks” printed tons of paper money and made it very easy to get loans. Since the “Pet Banks” didn’t have enough gold to back up the money that they printed the currency became worthless.

INFLATION An increase in the supply of money caused inflation. (when prices increase and value of money decreases). People panicked and took their paper money to the banks and demanded gold or silver for it.

Panic of 1837 The banks quickly ran out of gold and silver and the country went into a depression. Jackson’s V.P. Van Buren who was elected President in 1836 was blamed for the Panic, even though it was Jackson’s fault.

http://ed.ted.com/lessons/history-vs-andrew-jackson-james-fester